关于家用电器待机功率测量仪器接线方式对测量不确定度影响的研究

Research on the Effect of the Wiring Method on the Measurement Uncertainty of Standby Power Measuring Instruments for Household Appliance

在进行待机功率测试时,家用电器的功率较小,带开关电源模块的产品因为感性负载存在相位角,电流变化范围较大。当实际电流高于电压表内、外两种接法电流相等的临界值时,电压表外接法远比内接法会带来更大的测量不确定度。本文针对此现象设计对比试验,分析多组实验数据得出不同接线方式对不确定度的影响程度不同,总结出在选择电压表内、外接法时,应考虑测量仪器的内阻,通过计算临界电流来选择接线方式,期望能为待机功率检测提供一定的参考价值。

This study examines the measurement uncertainty in standby power testing of household appliances,focusing on the internal and external wiring methods of voltmeters.Our findings suggest that the external connection method introduces greater measurement uncertainty than the internal method when current exceeds a certain threshold.The researcher designed a comparative test for this phenomenon,analyzed several sets of experimental data to derive the degree of influence of dfferent wiring methods on the uncertainty,and concluded that when choosing the internal or external connection method of the voltmeter,the internal resistance of the measuring instrument should be taken into account,and the wiring method should be chosen by calculating the critical current.These insights provide valuable guidance for selecting appropriate wiring methods in standby power measurement.