新时代人民法院涉诉信访工作存在的问题及对策研究——以L省涉诉信访工作为视角

Research on existing problems and countermeasures in the litigation-related petition work of the people’s court in the new era——taking the litigation-related petition work in L Province as a perspective

信访制度是一项极富中国特色的政治制度,肩负着民众诉求表达、民主监督的政治职能。随着经济社会的飞速发展,我国逐渐进入社会转型期和矛盾凸显期,大量社会矛盾涌入司法领域。由于公民的法治意识尚不健全,部分民众未能从司法救济中得到自己满意的结果,转而进行信访,涉诉信访由此产生。由于涉诉信访案件持续保持高位运行态势,近年来党政机关陆续发布了相关条例与意见,为解决涉诉信访工作中存在的问题构建了宏观制度体系,使得涉诉信访依法终结有法可依。但在实践中,实质性化解的涉诉信访案件数量依然不多,涉诉信访工作仍存在诉访分离难、工作制度不健全、实质性依法终结难等困境,亟需从加强涉诉信访案件源头治理、完善信访依法终结机制、畅通涉诉信访案件出口等方面入手,将涉诉信访工作纳入法治轨道运行。

The petition system is a political system with Chinese characteristics that shoulders the political functions of expressing people’s demands and democratic supervision.With the rapid development of economy and society,China has gradually entered a period of social transformation and a period of prominent conflicts,so a large number of social conflicts have poured into the judicial field.Because citizens’awareness of the rule of law is not yet complete,some people are unable to obtain satisfactory results from judicial relief and turn to petitions,so that litigation-related petitions arise.As litigation-related petition cases continue to maintain a high level of operation,the party and government agencies have successively issued relevant regulations and opinions in recent years,building a macro institutional system to solve the problems existing in litigation-related petition work,so that there is a legal basis for the legal termination of litigation-related petitions.However,in practice,the number of litigation-related petition cases that have been substantively resolved is still small.The work of litigation-related petitions still faces difficulties such as difficulty in separating complaints from petitions,imperfect work systems and difficulty in substantively ending them in accordance with the law.There is an urgent need to start from the aspects of strengthening the source governance of litigation-related petition cases,improving the mechanism for terminating petitions according to law and smoothing the export of litigation-related petition cases,to bring the work of litigation-related petitions into the orbit of the rule of law.