我国农村集体经济组织集体股的应然禀赋、设置逻辑与立法表达

The Endowment,Setting Logic,and Legislative Expression of Collective Shares in Rural Collective Economic Organizations in China

集体股的设置是集体经济组织产权改革的重点内容。集体股能够为集体经济组织的内外部主体和各类生产要素参与集体经济提供激励,使各方利益与集体经济组织的发展需求相一致,化解集体行动难题。集体股不仅能够协调多元利益冲突,还能根据集体经济组织不同发展阶段的需求,确立分段式的集体股设置逻辑。在农村集体经济产权改革的背景下,公益金制度逐渐肩负起提供公共产品的使命,集体股应采取开放式的配置模式,将外部生产要素接入集体经济组织,为集体经济的发展提供动能。我国农村集体经济组织立法可以在设置成员股的同时,对集体股设置比例上限。农村集体经济组织是否设置集体股及其是否参与集体收益分配,由农村集体经济组织权力机关决定。

The establishment of collective shares is a focal point in the process of property rights reform within collective economic organizations in rural China.The introduction of collective shares can provide incentives for both internal and external stakeholders,as well as various factors of production,to participate in the collective economy.This alignment of interests with the development needs of the collective economic organization,and helps to resolve the challenges of collective action.Collective shares not only coordinate conflicts of multiple interests but also establish a segmented logic based on the different developmental stages of the collective economic organization.In the context of collective economic property rights reform,where the public welfare fund is increasingly tasked with the provision of public goods,collective shares should adopt an open configuration.This arrangement can integrate external production factors into the collective economic organization,and providing momentum for the development of the collective economy.At the legislative level,the regulations of rural collective economic organizations can set an upper bound on the proportion of collective shares held by members,and establish member shares on this basis.As for whether to establish collective shares and whether members participate in the distribution of collective benefits,it should be decided by the government agency of rural collective economic organizations.