列宁关于杜马问题的辩证分析、对召回派的批判及其当代价值

Lenin's Dialectical Analysis of the Duma Issue and His Critique of the Otzovists as Well as Their Contemporary Value

俄国第一次资产阶级民主革命低潮时期,列宁改变革命高潮阶段对杜马的抵制策略,将杜马视为合法斗争的重要方式并主张俄国社会民主党积极参选第三届国家杜马。然而党内出现了不顾客观形势变化而盲目抵制杜马的“左”的召回派。他们只看到杜马作为资产阶级机构的反动性,却忽视了无产阶级借助杜马推进革命进程的迫切性。对此,列宁从实际出发辩证分析了抵制杜马的原因,揭示了资产阶级议会制“内在的辩证法”,批判了召回派“离开党的政治路线”、僵化教条、“左”的取消主义的错误。列宁的批判还具有对召回主义背后哲学唯心主义元批判的深层次逻辑。列宁对杜马问题的辩证分析及对党内错误思潮的批判,推动了俄国无产阶级革命事业的发展,也对当前坚持实事求是、辩证唯物主义地解决实际问题具有重要意义。

At the low point of the first bourgeois-democratic revolution in Russia,Lenin changes his strategy of resisting the Duma at the peak of the revolution,viewing it as an important means of the legitimate struggle of the revolution,and advocates the active candidacy of Russian Social Democracy Party in the third State Duma.However,there have been"Left"otzovists in the Party who blindly resist the Duma regardless of changes in the objective situation,and they see only the reactionary nature of the Duma as a bourgeois institution,but ignore the urgency of the proletariat taking advantage of the Duma to advance the revolutionary process.Proceeding from reality,Lenin dialectically analyzes the principle of boycotting the Duma,revealing the"intrinsic dialectics"of bourgeois parliamentarism,and criticizing the errors of the otzovists in"departing from the political line of the Party",rigid dogmas,and"Left"abolitionism.Furthermore,Lenin's criticism of the otzovism demonstrates the deep logic of meta criticism of philosophical idealism.Lenin's dialectical analysis of the Duma issue and his criticism of the erroneous ideological trends within the Party have promoted the development of the revolutionary cause of the Russian proletariats,which is also of great significance for the current adherence to seeking truth from facts and dialectical materialism in solving practical problems.