基于有限元法的破冰弹头对海冰侵彻作用研究

针对环渤海地区的冬季海冰灾害,现有的破冰方法并不理想,破冰船破冰效率低,小吨位船舶在破冰后仍无法自行出入港口,炮弹炸冰危险性大,且受到作业条件的限制大。该文设计一种可以用于高厚度海冰的新型破冰弹头,通过建立新型破冰弹头几何模型,添加各向异性材料模型-海冰及Johnon失效准则,利用Autodyn显示动力学软件对其进行海冰的侵彻模拟,通过分析海冰的应力应变曲线以及损伤云图得出,新型弹头模拟侵彻海冰过程中,初生裂纹可以有效帮助爆破二次启动。

In view of the winter sea ice disaster around the Bohai Sea,the existing ice-breaking methods are not ideal,the ice-breaking efficiency of icebreakers is low,small-tonnage ships are still unable to enter and leave the port by themselves after ice-breaking,and the danger of shell ice blasting is high,and it is greatly limited by operating conditions.In this paper,a new type of ice-breaking warhead which can be used for high thickness sea ice is designed.By establishing the geometric model of the new ice-breaking warhead and adding the anisotropic material model-sea ice and Johnon failure criterion,the penetration of sea ice is simulated by Autodyn display dynamics software.By analyzing the stress-strain curve and damage cloud map of sea ice,it is concluded that the new warhead simulates the process of penetrating sea ice.The primary crack can effectively help the second start of blasting.