牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒的生物学特性、诊断方法和流行现状

Biological Characteristics,Diagnostic Methods and Epidemic Status of Bovine Infectious Rhinotracheitis Virus

牛传染性鼻气管炎是影响奶牛养殖业健康发展的传染性疾病,不仅导致产奶量下降,还引发脑膜炎、子宫炎、鼻窦炎等并发症,易导致母牛流产或发生死胎。该病在全世界广泛流传,,给奶牛养殖业造成较严重危害和巨大经济损失。本文综合概述牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒的形态结构、理化性质和基因组特征,阐述现有诊断方法,介绍该病流行现状,以期为该病防控和诊断提供理论参考。

Bovine infectious rhinotracheitis is a disease that has a great influence on dairy farming.It will not only lead to the decrease of milk production of cow,but also lead to complications such as meningitis,metritis and sinusitis,which can easily lead to miscarriage or stillbirth.This disease is widely spread all over the world,which has caused serious harm and brought great losses to cow breeding industry.Therefore,in order to control the disease,it is necessary to increase the understanding of bovine infectious rhinotracheitis virus and master its basic characteristics and epidemic characteristics.In this paper,the morphological structure,physical and chemical properties and genomic characteristics of bovine infectious rhinotracheitis virus are comprehensively summarized,and the existing diagnostic methods are comprehensively expounded.At the same time,the current epidemic situation of the disease is introduced,so as to promote the prevention and control of the disease and provide theoretical support for the prevention and diagnosis of bovine infectious rhinotracheitis.