互信、互联与互操作:全球开放科学云计划进展与展望

Towards Trustworthy,Interconnected and Interoperable Open Science Infrastructures:Review of the Global Open Science Cloud Initiative

【目的】联合国教科文组织将开放科学基础设施视为开放科学的重要支柱。“全球开放科学云”国际大科学培育计划则进行了相关方面的先期探索。【方法】本文采用案例解剖方法,回顾了“全球开放科学云”思想的提出、国际大科学培育计划的落地以及主要建设进展。全文重点围绕整体技术架构、核心研究体系和开放治理架构等方面展开,并聚焦建设进展中的服务资源互联互通、技术互操作实验床构建和基于区域应用示范的互信生态体系等。【结论】与各类在建信息基础设施相比,开放科学基础设施具有互联互通、互操作性等技术特征,开放包容等组织特性,非营利性、长期可持续性等管理特质。构建多方互信机制需要从技术、政策、组织等多方发力。GOSC的未来发展还需强化政策治理体系,完善弹性实验床与关键技术迭代升级,探索多学科交叉合作的全球云服务模态与区域应用示范,拓展全球互信生态体系,推动全球科研创新。【局限】未来,“全球开放科学云计划”仍需继续提升资源互联、技术互操作与互信生态体系构建能力,围绕“人机物”融合,建设成为支撑全球科研创新的重要力量。

[Objective]UNESCO takes open science infrastructure as one of the key pillars for Open Science,among which the“Global Open Science Cloud Initiative”(GOSC)serves as an exploratory example.[Methods]This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the GOSC Initiative,tracing its inception,key research components,and open governance framework.Progress reports highlight the interconnectivity of research resources and service delivery,the interopera-bility of testbed prototypes,and the trustworthy demonstrations across domains and regions.[Results]The GOSC case study highlights distinct features of open science infrastructure:technical interoperability,policy-driven openness,inclusiveness of participation,and sustainability as not-for-profit entities.To co-build trustworthy Open Science ecosystems,we should explore cutting-edge technologies,robust policies,and effective governance mechanisms.Besides,deploying a concerted approach that spans technical,policy,and governance is essential.Moreover,future GOSC should develop strengthened policy and governance frameworks,evolving elastic testbeds,and up-to-date key technologies,with a better exploration of cloud service models and demonstrations across domains and regions.[Limitations]We hope the future“Global Open Science Cloud”Initiative could prioritize interconnectivity and interoperability of research resources and services to foster mutually trustworthy Open Science ecosystems.