水禽养殖水体污染防控技术的研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect on Water Pollution Control Technology in Waterfowl Farming

水禽的饲养离不开水,而集约化养殖导致的水体污染对水禽养殖产业发展产生了消极的影响。养殖污水通常由于细菌滋生导致细菌、病原体等有害物质浓度升高,从而影响水禽的健康与性能。养殖污水处理是改善上述现状的常用做法。水禽养殖污水处理的解决方案目前主要有以下几种:向养殖水中添加光合细菌、枯草芽孢杆菌等生态制剂;向养殖水中添加聚铝化合物等净水剂;改变养殖模式。本文系统分析了养殖污水对水禽健康和性能的影响,介绍了水禽养殖污水防控技术的研究进展,并对未来水禽养殖污水处理综合防控技术的发展方向进行了展望。

Water is indispensable to the breeding of waterfowl,and the water pollution caused by intensive breeding has a negative impact on the development of waterfowl industry.The bacterial reproducing in aquaculture wastewater usually leads to the increase in the concentration of harmful substances such as bacteria and pathogens,which affects the health and performance of waterfowl.Wastewater treatment in aquaculture is a common practice to improve the above situation.At present,there are several mainstream solutions for wastewater treatment of waterfowl industry,including the addition of photosynthetic bacteria,bacillus subtilis and other ecological agents to the aquaculture water,water purifying agents such as polyaluminum compounds,and change of the breeding mode.This review systematically analyzed the harm of aquaculture wastewater to the health and performances of waterfowl,introduced the research progress of wastewater prevention and pollution control technology in waterfowl farming,and provided insight into the development direction of the integrated prevention and control technology of waterfowl wastewater treatment in the future.