一例比格犬肺炎克雷伯氏菌病的诊断及防控

Diagnosis and Prevention and Control of Pneumonia in Beagle Dog Caused by Klebsiella Pneumoniae:A Case Report

为了诊断青岛博隆实验动物养殖基地比格犬病死原因并制定有效防控措施,试验通过临床观察和病理解剖对病犬进行初步诊断;无菌采集病死幼犬肺组织,采用特异性聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)诊断三种常见犬呼吸道病毒,通过细菌形态学观察、生化试验、基因测序鉴定分离病原菌,并通过小鼠致病性试验和药敏试验分析其致病性和优化用药方案。结果表明:犬发病时主要表现为咳嗽、流鼻涕、食欲不振和轻度腹泻等症状。剖检可见胸腔积液,肺叶淤血和坏死。PCR鉴定犬腺病毒2型(canineadenovirus type 2,CAV 2)、H3N2亚型犬流感病毒(H3N2 subtype canine influenza virus,CIV)和犬副流感病毒(canine parainfluenza virus,CPIV)均为阴性。细菌分离培养显示为该菌革兰氏阴性的粗短杆菌;生化试验和16S rDNA测序鉴定该菌为肺炎克雷伯菌。回归试验结果表明该菌可引起小鼠肺炎症状,具有较强致病力。药敏试验结果显示分离菌株对阿奇霉素、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星敏感,对氨苄西林、头孢他啶、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟、头孢替安、头孢曲松耐药。经犬舍消毒和药物治疗后,该犬养殖场的病情得到有效控制。

In order to explore the pathogen of a cause of dead dogs in a kennel in Qingdao and develop effective prevention and control measures,in this experiment,the primary diagnosis of infected canine was carried out through clinical examination and autopsy observation.Then,lung tissue sample of dead puppy were collected aseptically.The PCR method was used for rapid detection of three important pathogens of canine respiratory diseases.The pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified by morphological observation,biochemical tests and sequencing analysis,and analyse pathogenicity and optimizie drug schedule by drug sensitivity test and mice pathogenicity test.The results showed that when the disease was onset,the canine was mainly manifested as cough,nasal discharge,inappetence,mild diarrhea.Autopsy showed that pleural effusion,pulmonary congestion and necrosis.All lung samples were negative for CAV2,CIV(H3N2)and CPIV nucleic acid.Gram-negative and tubbiness suspicious pathogens were obtained by bacterial isolation and culture.suspicious pathogens was klebsiella pneumoniae by 16S rDNA gene and biochemical tests.The mice showed symptoms such as pneumonia by mice pathogenicity test.The pathogenic bacteria with strong pathogenic potentials.The results of drug sensitivity test showed that klebsiella pneumoniae isolates was more sensitive to azithromycin,ciprofloxacin,enrofloxacin,and more resistant to Ampicillin,ceftazidime,gentamicin,cefotaxime,cefotiam and ceftriaxone.Following disinfection and medication in the dog kennels,the disease at the breeding facility was effectively controlled.