茶功能成分的提取方法及其抗运动性疲劳研究进展

Research Progress on Extraction Methods of Tea Functional Components and Their Effects Against Exercise Fatigue

茶功能成分主要包括茶多酚、茶氨酸、茶生物碱、茶多糖等,属于抗运动性疲劳的食源性物质。对茶功能成分的提取方法及其抗运动性疲劳作用机制进行阐述,综述了利用水提、有机溶剂提取、微波提取、超声波提取、离子交换、超临界流体提取等方法提取茶功能成分的研究成果,以及茶功能成分对调解机体代谢、清除自由基、增强抗氧化作用、增强骨骼肌抗运动性疲劳作用的研究进展,为开发以茶为原材料的抗运动性疲劳食源性衍生品提供依据。

Functional components of tea are mainly tea polyphenols,theanine,tea alkaloids and tea polysaccharides,which are food-derived substances against sports fatigue.This paper expounded the extraction methods of tea functional components and the mechanism against exercise fatigue,and reviewed research results of tea functional components extracted by water extraction,organic solvent extraction,microwave extraction,ultrasonic extraction,ion exchange,supercritical fluid extraction.The research progress on tea functional components in mediating body metabolism,clearing free radicals,enhancing antioxidant effects,and enhancing effects of skeletal muscles against exercise fatigue were summarized.It provided a basis for the development of foodborne derivatives based on tea as raw materials to resist exercise-induced fatigue.