实证观视域下的历史唯物主义与政治哲学兼容性问题研究

The Compatibility Problem Between Historical Materialism and Political Philosophy from the Perspective of Positivism

在“历史唯物主义与政治哲学的关系”这一问题上,学者们提出了兼容与不兼容两种观点。在学界普遍认为政治哲学是一种规范性理论的情况下,历史唯物主义是何种意义上的“真正的实证科学”成为解决分歧的关键。根据青年马克思对同时代思想家实证观点的批判,“真正的实证科学”是以经验为基础却不拘泥于经验,始终保持对现存的批判与超越能力,并不断走出理论、走向实践的实证知识。本文认为,作为“真正的实证科学”的历史唯物主义兼具事实维度与价值维度,因而可以与政治哲学相互兼容。

In the issue of"the Relationship between Historical Materialism and Political Philosophy",scholars have always had two views of compatibility and incompatibility.While it has become a consensus that Political Philosophy is a normative theory,Historical Materialism in what sense is"die wirkliche,positive Wissenschaft"has become the key to resolving the disagreement.Back to young Marx's critique of the positivism of contemporary thinkers,"die wirkliche,positive Wissenschaft"is based on experience but not confined to experience,always maintains the ability to criticize and transcend the existing,and constantly goes from theory to practice.As"die wirkliche,positive Wissenschaft"has both factual and value dimensions,Historical Materialism and Political Philosophy are compatible with each other.