基于Archard模型的螺杆钻具十字万向轴啮合面磨损规律研究

Research on the Wear Rule of Universal Cross Shaft of Screw Drill Based on Archard Model

十字万向轴对于螺杆钻具的扭矩与转速传递具有重要作用,然而十字万向轴的运动磨损使得传递效率大大降低。为探究十字万向轴啮合面的运动规律与防磨合金块的磨损规律,建立十字万向轴多体运动和合金块体积磨损量计算的联合仿真物理模型;依据赫兹接触理论和Archard磨损理论对仿真模型的接触边界条件进行设定,对磨损条件进行定义,研究共轭运动副啮合面之间的运动规律与接触力的变化规律;以多体运动仿真求解所得啮合面的运动路径和接触力峰值作为防磨合金块磨损分析的边界条件,研究不同结构形态对防磨合金块体积磨损量的影响规律。结果表明:当运动啮合稳定后,啮合面会产生沿着切向与轴向的合成方向做往复滑动摩擦运动,接触力呈现周期性波动规律;接触面不同结构形态与关键结构参数对合金块的磨损量有显著影响,采用凹双斜面结构可有效提升合金块的耐磨性。该研究可以为十字万向轴的结构优化设计及耐磨性的提高提供参考。

The cross cardan shaft plays an important role in the transmission of torque and speed of screw drilling tools.However,the movement wear of the cross cardan shaft greatly reduces the transmission efficiency.In order to explore the motion law of the engagement surface of the cross universal joint shaft and the wear law of the anti-wear alloy block,the joint simulation physical model of the multi-body motion of the cross universal joint shaft and the calculation of the wear volume of the alloy block was established.According to Hertz contact theory and Archard wear theory,the contact boundary conditions of the simulation model were set,and the wear conditions were defined.The law of motion between mating surfaces and the law of contact force variation of conjugate motion pairs were studied.The movement path and contact force peak value of the meshing surface obtained from multi-body motion simulation were used as the boundary conditions for wear analysis of the anti-wear alloy block,and the influence of different structural forms on the wear volume of the anti-wear alloy block was studied.The results show that when the meshing is stable,the meshing surface will produce reciprocating sliding friction along the composite direction of tangential and axial direction,and the contact force presents a periodic fluctuation law.The different structure shapes and key structural parameters of the contact surface have significant effects on the wear amount of the alloy block,the use of concave double slope structure can effectively improve the wear resistance of alloy blocks.This research can provide a reference for the structural optimization design of the cross cardan shaft and the improvement of its wear resistance.