环境因子对“东方7号”海带配子体发育的影响

Effects of environmental factors on the development of Saccharina japonica‘Dongfang No.7’gametophyte

以“东方7号”海带(Saccharina japonica)雌、雄配子体为材料,分别在不同温度、光照周期和营养盐(氮)浓度条件下培养,观察配子体发育过程,探究配子体卵囊形成、排卵及幼孢子体形成的最适环境条件。结果显示:不同温度、光照周期及氮(N)浓度对配子体发育进程及发育率有显著的影响。在其他培养条件相同的情况下,12℃和15℃下配子体的发育率(60%~70%)显著高于其他温度组;在20℃条件下,配子体均处于营养生长阶段,未见发育。10L∶14D下配子体的发育率(80%)显著高于其他光照周期组,其次为6L∶18D组,但该条件下的幼孢子体长度显著低于其他光照周期组。当N浓度为2.0 mg/L和4.0 mg/L时,配子体最终发育率均达75%以上,其中孢子体约占70%,显著高于其他组。本研究为“东方7号”海带配子体人工育苗提供理论依据和数据支持。

The male and female gametophytes of Saccharina japonica‘Dongfang No.7’were cultured at different temperatures,photoperiods and nitrogen concentrations to observe the development of gametophytes and explore the optimum environmental conditions for the formation of gametophyte oogonium,ovulation and young sporophyte.The results showed that temperature,photoperiod and nitrogen concentration had significant effects on the development of gametophyte.The rate of gametophyte development at 12℃and 15℃(60%-70%)was significantly higher than that at other temperature groups.At 20℃,the gametophyte was in the vegetative growth stage without development.The rate of gametophyte development(80%)in 10L∶14D group was significantly higher than that in other photoperiod groups,followed by that in 6L∶18D group,but the length of young sporophyte in this condition was significantly lower than that in other photoperiod groups.When the concentration of N was 2 mg/L and 4 mg/L,the final development rate was more than 75%,and the sporophyte accounted for about 70%,which was significantly higher than other groups.This study provides theoretical basis and data support for artificial breeding of gametophyte of S.japonica‘Dongfang No.7’.