考虑制造误差和油膜作用力的齿轮敲击动力学分析

Gear Rattle Dynamic Analysis Considering Manufacturing Error and Oil Film Force

为准确评估变速器空套齿轮受角加速度激励的敲击表现,采用集中参数法建立了模拟变速器敲击台架试验的10自由度扭转动力学模型;在包含时变啮合刚度、间隙非线性和拖曳力矩的基础上,进一步考虑齿轮制造误差和润滑油膜作用力。敲击台架试验结果表明包含楔入和挤压效应的润滑油膜作用力模型能正确反映变速器的敲击响应;数值分析结果表明润滑油膜可以减少制造误差位移激励和时变啮合刚度参数激励产生的齿面敲击,敲击强度随制造误差幅值的增加呈凹函数变化,当制造误差的幅值增加到某一数值时,齿轮副在无角加速度激励时亦产生敲击现象。润滑油温度对敲击的影响与角加速度激励有关:无角加速度激励时,低温时较低幅值的齿轮低频圆周误差通过改变油膜作用力方向产生敲击;油膜作用力产生的敲击响应频率比齿面接触的敲击响应频率更低;当存在角加速度激励时,敲击强度随温度的升高呈凸函数增加。

In order to accurately evaluate the rattle performance of the gearbox unloaded gear under angu‐lar acceleration excitation,a ten-degree-of-freedom torsional dynamic model for the dual-clutch transmission rattle bench test is established using the lumped parameter method.Based on consideration of the contact time varying mesh stiffness,backlash nonlinearities and drag torque,the gear manufacturing error and the oil film induced-force are further considered.Bench test results show that the oil film induced-force model containing oil film entraining and squeeze effects can correctly simulate the transmission rattle response.Numerical analysis results show that lu‐bricant film can reduce the mesh impact induced by the error-induced displacement excitation and time-varying mesh stiffness parametric excitation.The gear rattle intensity increases with the increase of manufacturing error am‐plitude,and when the error amplitude increases to a certain value,the gear pair produces rattle phenomenon with null angular acceleration as well.The influence of oil temperature on gear rattle is related to the angular acceleration excitation.When there is no angular acceleration excitation,the low-frequency circumferential error with low-ampli‐tude at low-temperature changes the direction of the oil film force and hence produce gear rattle.The rattle response frequency caused by oil film hydrodynamic force is lower than that generated by the structural tooth contact.The rat‐tle intensity increases as the temperature increases in a convex function once the angular acceleration excitation is applied at transmission input shaft.