河南省气候康养指数评估及其时空分异规律研究

Evaluation and spatio-temporal differentiation of climate recuperation index in Henan Province

【目的】定量评估河南省各地市的气候康养条件并探索其时空分异规律的成因,为康养旅游的发展规划及城市生态建设提供参考。【方法】以河南省18个城市为研究对象,综合考虑气候适宜性、空气质量和生态植被对康养条件的影响,选取人体舒适度指数(ICHB)、环境空气质量综合指数(AQI)和归一化植被指数(NDVI)作为基础指标,采用加权求和的方法构建气候康养指数(CRI),并以此对各城市2015—2019年间逐年、逐月气候康养条件进行评价。【结果】河南省各城市4—5月和7—9月的CRI平均值较高,说明春季和夏末秋初适宜开展康养旅游相关活动。NDVI和ICHB的季节动态性是CRI在一年中呈现双峰型变化的主要因素。各城市年际CRI平均值在2015—2019年间逐渐升高,表明气候康养条件逐年得到改善。从CRI的空间分布来看,河南省北部城市CRI相对较低,而南部城市CRI相对较高,表现出一定的纬度变化趋势,城市间AQI和NDVI的差异是构成这种空间分布格局的关键因素。【结论】从气候的角度揭示了河南省开展康养旅游活动的适宜时期和气候康养条件的分布格局,探索了气候康养条件时空分异规律的形成原因。

【Objective】This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the climate recuperation conditions of various cities in Henan Province and explore the causes of their spatio-temporal differences,so as to provide reference for the development planning of health tourism and urban ecological construction.【Method】Eighteen cities were selected as our study objects.Considering the effects of climate suitability,air quality and ecological vegetation on health conditions comprehensively,the comfort of human body index(ICHB),air quality comprehensive index(AQI),and normalized vegetation index(NDVI)were selected as basic indicators to construct the climate recuperation index(CRI)by using a weighted summation method.Based on this,the annual and monthly climate recuperation conditions from 2015 to 2019 in various cities were evaluated.【Result】The average value of monthly CRI in various cities of Henan Province was relatively high from April to May and from July to September,indicating that spring and late summer and early autumn were suitable seasons for health tourism activities.The seasonal dynamics of NDVI and ICHB was the main factor that caused the bimodal variation of CRI in a year.The average annual CRI of these cities showed a gradual upward trend from 2015 to 2019,indicating that the climate recuperation conditions had been improved year by year.In terms of the spatial distribution of CRI,CRI in northern cities of Henan Province was relatively low,while CRI in southern cities was relatively high,showing a trend in latitude.The key factor contributing to the spatial distribution pattern was the differences in AQI and NDVI between cities.【Conclusion】This study revealed the suitable period and the distribution pattern of climate recuperation conditions in Henan province from the perspective of climate,and explored the reasons for the formation of the spatio-temporal differentiation of climate recuperation conditions.