儿童非酒精性脂肪性肝病危险因素的研究进展

Risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)已成为全球儿童慢性肝病的主要原因,且发病率呈逐年上升的趋势。导致儿童NAFLD发病的危险因素是多样化的,且与成人有诸多不同,目前大多数医疗机构对儿童NAFLD的重视度仍不高。本文归纳了导致儿童NAFLD的相关危险因素及机制,包含基因多态性、母体及胎儿情况、饮食和生活习惯、环境暴露、代谢综合征、内分泌相关机制和肠道微生态等,旨在为儿童NAFLD的预防及管理提供参考依据。

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become the main cause of chronic liver disease in children worldwide,and the incidence of NAFLD shows an increasing trend year by year.The risk factors leading to the onset of NAFLD in children are diversified and different from those in adults.At present,most medical institutions still pay little attention to NAFLD in children.This paper summarizes the risk factors and mechanisms for NAFLD in children,including gene polymorphism,maternal and fetal conditions,diet and living habits,environmental exposure,metabolic syndrome,endocrine-related mechanisms and intestinal microecology,in order to provide reference for the prevention and management of childhood NAFLD.