渤海无居民海岛主要植被类型群落特征

Characteristics of main plant communities on uninhabited islands in Bohai Sea,China

渤海无居民海岛众多,为进一步了解渤海无居民海岛植物群落特征,选取渤海近岸9个面积大小不一的无居民海岛作为研究对象。采用样方法进行调查,对群落内的物种组成、物种数、物种高度、胸径等开展调查。共鉴定出140种维管植物,隶属于38科98属,群落物种组成主要有菊科、禾本科、豆科等。通过对66个样地的样方数据分析,量化描述了渤海9个无居民海岛的主要植物群落特征。结果表明,这一地区原生森林植被已被刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)林、黑松(Pinus thunbergii)林、大果榆(Ulmus macrocarpa)林、臭椿(Ailanthus altissima)林组成的次生植被替代。温性落叶灌丛是该区具有代表性的植被类型,代表性群系有酸枣(Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa)灌丛、杠柳(Periploca sepium)灌丛、一叶萩(Flueggea suffruticosa)灌丛、南蛇藤(Celastrus orbiculatus)灌丛等。草本植物群系有艾(Artemisia argyi)草丛、盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)草丛、茵陈蒿(Artemisia capillaris)草丛、黄背草(Themedatriandra)草丛。总体而言,所调查海岛植物群落物种多样性较低,以高优势度物种为主,属脆弱性植被。

Nine uninhabited islands with different sizes,laying on the coast of Bohai Sea,were selected as research objects for a further understanding and study of the characteristics of plant communities.By using the method of sample plot survey,we investigated a total of 66 sample plots,covering the study of species composition,and the number of individuals,height and diameter at breast height(DBH)of woody plants,etc.140 species of vascular plants belonging to 38 families and 98 genera were investigated through sampling plot method.The results showed that Asteraceae,Poaceae,Fabaceae were the most abundant families in the communities.Moreover,the native forest vegetation has been replaced by secondary ones dominated by Robinia pseudoacacia,Pinus thunbergii,Ailanthus altissima,and Ulmus macrocarpa,respectively.Meanwhile,temperate deciduous shrubland became zonal vegetation type in this area,and the representative communities are dominated by Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa,Periploca sepium,Flueggea suffruticosa,Celastrus orbiculatus,respectively.And representative herbaceous alliances are dominated by Artemisia argyi,Suaeda salsa,A.capillaris,and Themeda triandra,respectively.In general,the species diversity of island plant communities is relatively low,belonging to vulnerable vegetation.