我国农产品市场分割的动态演进、地区差异及其收敛性

The Dynamic Evolution, Regional Differences and Convergence of Agricultural Product Market Segmentation in China

基于我国31个省份2000—2021年的农产品零售价格指数数据,采用相对价格法对农产品市场分割程度进行测度,并运用Kernel密度估计方法、Dagum基尼系数和空间收敛模型探讨市场分割的演变趋势、空间差异及收敛性特征。研究表明,全国整体及东部、中部和西部三大地区的农产品市场分割指数均呈波动下降趋势,且中部地区的市场分割绝对差值最小,而西部地区相对较大;我国农产品市场分割存在明显的地区差异,市场分割指数在区域之间的交叉重叠程度是总体差异的主要来源,但其贡献率逐渐下降并被区域间净差异吸收。在收敛性方面,从横向比较看,仅西部地区存在σ收敛特征,呈现农产品市场分割的离散程度随时间变化逐渐降低的态势;从纵向比较看,全国及三大地区农产品市场分割均存在绝对β收敛和条件β收敛特征,呈现农产品市场分割随时间变化逐渐趋同发展的态势,且我国各省份间农产品市场分割的空间互动影响是存在β收敛趋势的原因之一。此外,经济密度与地区生产优势缓解了农产品市场分割程度,而技术差距的提高则加剧了农产品市场分割。本研究为理解我国农产品市场分割的发展趋势,推进区域市场协调发展、发挥市场的规模效应提供了理论基础和实践依据。

Based on the agricultural product retail price index data of 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2021,this paper uses the relative price method to measure the market segmentation degree of agricultural products,and uses Kernel density estimation method,Dagum Gini coefficient and spatial convergence model to explore the evolution trend,spatial differences and convergence characteristics of market segmentation.The results show that the market segmentation index of agricultural products in China shows a fluctuating downward trend.The eastern,central and western regions also show that trend,but the absolute difference of market segmentation in the central region is the smallest,and that in the werstern region is relatively high.There are obvious regional differences in China’s agricultural market segmentation.The overlapping degree of the market segmentation index between regions is the main source of the overall difference,but its contribution rate gradually decreases,and this change is mainly absorbed by the net difference between regions.In terms of the convergence characteristics,from the perspective of horizontal comparison,only the western region hasσconvergence characteristics,showing that the dispersion of agricultural product market segmentation gradually decreases with time.From the perspective of vertical comparison,the market segmentation of agricultural products in China and the three regions has absoluteβconvergence and conditionsβconvergence characteristics,showing the trend of gradual convergence and development of agricultural product market segmentation over time.And one of the reasons for theβconvergence trend is the spatial interaction effect of agricultural market segmentation among different provinces in China.Economic density and regional production advantages ease the degree of agricultural product market segmentation,while the improvement of technology gap aggravates the agricultural product market segmentation.This study provides an empirical basis for understanding the development trend of China’s agricultural market segmentation,promoting the coordinated development of regional markets,and exerting the scale effect of the market.