跨体制流动与主观福祉之失——基于纵向研究设计的新发现

The Loss of Subjective Wellbeing and State-to-Private Mobility:New Evidence from a Longitudinal Study

本研究关注我国市场化改革晚近阶段从国有部门(体制内)转向市场部门(体制外)工作的跨体制流动,考察了跨体制流动经历对劳动者主观福祉的因果作用及其中介机制。基于三期中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS2014、2016、2018),本研究采用纵向设计思路,将“核匹配”与回归分析相结合,主要发现为:其一,跨体制流动呈现出负向选择模式,体制内处于相对劣势的劳动者更可能经历跨体制流动;其二,经历跨体制流动(从国有部门流出到市场部门)对劳动者的主观福祉产生了幅度较大并且统计显著的负面影响;其三,针对“主观福祉之失”,以社会保险和住房补贴为代表的经济机制、以人际关系和主观地位为代表的社会心理机制,均发挥了显著的中介效应。本研究有助于为当下国家机构改革提供政策参考。

This study focuses on state-to-private mobility during the later stage of market reform in China,with a causal analysis of such mobility on workers’subjective wellbeing and its underlying mechanisms.Using a longitudinal design based on data from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS 2014,2016,and 2018),This study carries out post-matching regression controlling for a rich set of premobility covariates to mitigate the selection bias.The main findings are as follows:first,state-to-private mobility exhibits a distinct negative selection pattern,in which relatively disadvantaged workers in the public sector are more likely to move toward the private sector.Second,the state-to-private mobility experience has a substantive and statistically significant detrimental impact on workers’subjective wellbeing.Third,economic factors,represented by social insurance and housing allowance,and psychosocial factors,represented by interpersonal relationships and subjective status,have mediated the causal effect of state-to-private mobility on workers’subjective wellbeing.This paper provides meaningful policy references for current national institutional reforms.