退役风电叶片资源化利用技术研究进展

Research progress of decommissioned wind power blade resource utilization technology

风力发电因其清洁、高效、可再生等优点,成为我国能源发展战略行动计划的重要一环,我国已成为全球风电装机规模最大的国家。随着风电机组退役潮的到来,退役风电叶片(Retired wind turbine blades,RWTB)成为我国急需解决的大型固体废弃材料。风电叶片主要由玻璃纤维/碳纤维/植物纤维增强复合材料制备而成,传统处理方式主要为填埋和焚烧,不仅造成大量资源浪费,而且导致环境污染。对RWTB的资源化和高值化利用已成为国家高度关注的研究热点。本文简述了国内外风电装机规模及RWTB的发展规模,综述了风电叶片的现有回收技术(机械回收、热解回收、化学回收)及RWTB的回收应用现状,总结分析了各类回收技术及应用领域的优缺点。对RWTB的回收技术及应用前景进行了分析展望,提出“多措并举”的梯级利用及尽可能避免出现二次废弃物的“高效规范全利用”是RWTB回收利用技术重要的研究方向。

Wind power,because of its clean,efficient,renewable and other advantages,has become an important part of China's strategic action plan for energy development,and China has become the world's largest installed wind power capacity.With the arrival of the wind turbine retirement tide,the retired wind turbine blade(RWTB)has become a large solid waste material that China urgently needs to solve.Wind turbine blades are mainly prepared from glass fibre/carbon fibre/plant fibre reinforced composites,and the traditional treatment menthods are mainly landfill and incineration,which not only results in a large amount of wasted resources,but also leads to environmental pollution.The resourceful and high-value utilisation of decommissioned wind turbine blades has become a research hotspot of great concern to the country.This paper briefly describes the scale of installed wind power and the development scale of RWTB at home and abroad,overviews the existing recycling technologies(mechanical recycling,pyrolytic recycling,chemical recycling) of wind turbine blades,overviews the current status of recycling application of RWTB,summarises and analyses the strengths and weaknesses of various types of recycling technologies and the current status of their application.Analysed the prospect of RWTB recycling technology and application,put forward the "multi-method" gradient use and the "high efficiency and standardised full use" without secondary pollution are important research direction of RWTB recycling technology.