从电池管理到电化学数字电源

Battery Management towards the Digitalized Electrochemical Power Source

电源技术的发展对绿色交通、规模化储能、智慧电网等领域具有重要作用。以电化学器件为代表的电化学电源具有反应机理复杂、多物理场、多尺度特性,同时工作过程中表现出强非线性、时变性及空间分布等特点,为电源的管理带来了挑战。本文以动力电池为对象,分别从模型、测量和管理三个方面阐述当前电池管理技术的研究现状及发展趋势,认为局限于本地的管理技术将逐渐走向全局的数字化管控,提出电化学数字电源的概念并诠释其内涵,旨在助力新能源汽车、氢电储能、新型电网、充电基础设施等电化学电源应用场景的发展。

The development of power sources plays a vital role in green transportation,large-scale energy storage,smart grid,etc.Electrochemical power sources,usually,have complex reaction mechanisms,and multi-physic and multi-scale characteristics.Also,they exhibit strong nonlinearity,time-varying,and spatial distribution characteristics during operation,which brings challenges to battery management.The power battery is taken as the object,the current research status and technology development trend are reviewed from aspects of battery modeling,measurement,and management,and it is proposed that the local management will move towards global digital management.The concept of digitalized electrochemical power source aims to facilitate the development of electrochemical power source application scenarios,e.g.,new energy vehicles,hydrogen energy storage,new power grids,and charging infrastructure.