基于跃变探索式电导增量法的光伏阵列全局最大功率点跟踪控制研究

Research on Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Control of PV Arrays Based on Jump Explore Incremental Conductance Method

实现光伏阵列最大功率点跟踪(Maximum power point tracking, MPPT)的传统算法已经较为成熟,但是在局部阴影出现后会发生寻优失效,难以实现全局最大功率跟踪(Global maximum power tracking, GMPPT)。为解决该问题,研究人员提出将粒子群(Particle swarm optimization, PSO)等群搜索算法应用在MPPT控制过程中,虽然能够控制工作点稳定在全局最大功率点处,但由于该算法收敛能力依赖于核心参数,在应用过程中有一定概率会导致系统振荡。针对以上问题,在电导增量法(Incremental conductance, INC)的基础上提出跃变探索式电导增量法(Jump explore incremental conductance, JEINC),相较于传统电导增量法而言,具有较强的探索能力,能够在局部阴影下实现全局最大功率点跟踪控制,同时所提算法具有较好的收敛能力,在工作点位于最大功率点附近能够快速稳定。在三种光照环境下进行Matlab仿真,从稳定时间、暂态过程能量损耗率和振荡幅值三个方面验证了所提算法相较于电导增量法和粒子群算法的优越性。

The traditional algorithms for achieving the maximum power point tracking(MPPT)of photovoltaic(PV)arrays have been relatively mature,but it is difficult to achieve the global maximum power point tracking(GMPPT)after the appearance of local shadows.To solve this problem,researchers have proposed to apply swarm search algorithms such as particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm to the MPPT control process.Although the operating point can be controlled to be stable at the global maximum power point,the convergence ability of the algorithm depends on the core parameters,which will lead to system oscillation in the application process in a certain chance.In response to the above problems,the jump explore incremental conductance(JEINC)method which based on the incremental conductance(INC)method is proposed,which has a stronger exploratory capability than the traditional conductance increment method and can achieve the GMPPT control under partial shading condition,while the algorithm has a better convergence capability and can be quickly stabilized when the operating point is located near the maximum power point.Simulations in Matlab are performed in three lighting environments to verify the superiority of the proposed algorithm compared with the INC and PSO in terms of stabilization time,transient process energy,and tracking effect.