国外典型实践教学模式对目标工程专业实践教学体系优化的启示

Enlightenment of Foreign Typical Practice Teaching Model on Optimization of Practice Teaching System of Target Engineering Specialty

实践教学是理论知识与岗位技能实现深度耦合的桥梁,是培养学生创新意识、提升学生岗位任职能力的有力抓手。德国亚琛工业大学、美国麻省理工学院通过长期的实践教学积累丰富经验,设计课程实验、实习、自主研究等为主体的实践教学体系,具有与企业、社会联系紧密,教学效果好等特点。针对目标工程专业实践教学体系存在科目统筹规划、内容精细设计、理论实践融合等方面不足,借鉴国外典型大学实践科目设置与教学内容设计方法,研提目标工程专业实践教学效果提升的解决方案与措施,为目标工程专业实践教学体系优化提供参考方案。

Practical teaching is a bridge that deeply couples theoretical knowledge with job skills,and is a powerful tool for cultivating students'innovative awareness and enhancing their job skills.The RWTH Aachen University in Germany and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States have accumulated rich experience through long-term practical teaching,and have designed a practical teaching system mainly based on course experiments,internships,and independent research.It has close connections with enterprises and society,and good teaching effects.In response to the shortcomings of subject coordination design,content refinement design,and theoretical and practical integration in the practical teaching system of the target engineering major,this study draws on typical foreign universities,practical subject settings,and teaching content design methods to propose solutions and measures to improve the effectiveness of practical teaching in the target engineering major,providing reference solutions for optimizing the practical teaching system of the target engineering major.