儿童抽动障碍干预治疗现状及家庭需求分析

Analysis of intervention and treatment status for children with tic disorder and family needs

目的了解抽动障碍儿童干预治疗现状及家庭干预需求,并分析干预需求的影响因素。方法横断面调查,采用方便抽样法,便利选取2022年10月至2023年1月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院就诊的362例患儿及其家庭进行调查,分析干预需求的影响因素。结果共362例患儿接受了调查,家庭关注的主要方面为药物治疗和行为干预,目前患儿以接受药物治疗为主(102/126,80.9%),77.8%的家长认为治疗效果不太理想;276例患儿及家庭提交了需求部分的作答(76.2%),其中社会支持需求得分最高为(2.69±0.96)分。多元线性回归分析显示,病程、有无合并症、疾病严重程度、家庭月收入、家长焦虑程度和对治疗是否关注是家庭干预治疗需求的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论目前抽动障碍干预治疗方式较为单一,治疗效果不太理想,家长对于干预治疗的需求较高,家庭的需求与多种因素有关,建议临床工作者在选择干预治疗时结合家庭治疗需求,制定更加个体化的干预方案,提高治疗效果。

Objective To evaluate the current situation of interventional treatment for children with tic disorder and family needs for interventions and to analyze the factors influencing intervention needs.Methods This cross-sectional study encompassed 362 children and their families who sought medical attention at Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,from October 2022 to January 2023.Factors influencing their intervention needs were analyzed.Results A total of 362 children were surveyed.The main therapies of family concern included medication and behavioral intervention.Currently,the predominant therapy employed in the care of these children was medication(102/126,80.9%),not with standing the fact that 77.8%of parents expressed discontent with its efficacy.Of the children and families included in the survey,276(76.2%)gave responses delineating their specific intervention needs.The paramount among these was the need for social support,with the score of(2.69±0.96)points.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed the notable influence of the duration of the ailment,the presence of comorbidities,the gravity of the disorder,the monthly household income,parental anxiety levels,and concerns germane to the therapeutic regimen on the family needs for interventions(all P<0.05).Conclusions The extant therapeutic approaches applied in tic disorder exhibit a discernable constraint in terms of efficacy.Parents evince a pronounced yearning for interventions.These needs are contingent upon a spectrum of determinants.Clinicians are advised to consider the family needs for interventions when formulating therapeutic strategies,so that they can propound bespoke intervention plans to ameliorate therapeutic outcomes.