基于双重关联市场的林业CCER相关研究进展及问题

Research progress and questions of forestry CCER in dual-associated markets

提升生态系统碳汇能力和健全碳排放权市场交易制度是中国“积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和”的重要举措。林业自愿核证减排量(CCER)抵消强制性碳排放配额在市场上交易为减排提供碳汇,有利于充分发挥自然生态系统整体增汇和减排功能。然而,作为主要林业碳汇贡献国之一,中国尚未构建纳入林业行业的全国统一碳交易市场。以林业CCER经营开发和抵消强制碳排放配额双重关联市场为视角,首先,基于林业CCER第一重关联市场———森林经营的碳汇增量市场,综述了林业CCER项目经营开发以及木材和碳汇联合产出相关研究;其次,基于林业CCER第二重关联市场———抵消碳配额的存量交易市场,梳理了林业CCER参与碳配额市场交易机制、价格形成机制以及与碳排放权价格的关联机制等相关研究。研究发现:林业CCER项目投入产出市场要素纵向关联市场价格传导机制、林业碳汇定价机制以及林业CCER与碳配额价格传导机制等问题需要进一步研究,以期为完善林业CCER经营开发和抵消碳配额清缴,推进林业CCER与碳市场有效衔接以及加快林业CCER纳入碳交易提供参考。

Enhancing the carbon sequestration capacity of ecosystems and establishing a sound carbon emissions trading system are crucial measures for China to actively and steadily promote"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality".The voluntary Chinese Certified Emission Reduction(forestry CCER)facilitates the trade of carbon sequestration credits on the market,thereby providing a carbon sequestration credits as a nature-based solution for emission reduction.This approach helps to fully utilize the overall carbon sequestration and emission reduction functions of natural ecosystems.However,as a major contributor to forestry carbon sinks,China has not yet established a unified national carbon trading market that includes the forestry industry.This study takes the perspective of the dual-associated markets of forestry CCER project operation development and offsetting mandatory CEA.Firstly,focusing on the carbon sink increment market of forest management,it reviews research related to the forestry CCER projects and the joint production of timber and forestry CCER.Secondly,in the stock trading market for offsetting CEA,it outlines research on the trading mechanisms,price formation mechanisms,and price association mechanisms between forestry CCER and CEA.Further research is warranted on the vertical price transmission mechanism of input-output market factors of forestry CCER projects,the pricing mechanism of forestry carbon sinks,and the price transmission mechanism between forestry CCER and CEA.This aims to provide recommendations for improving forestry CCER operation and development,streamlining the offsetting process of CEA,fostering effective connection between forestry CCER and CEA markets,and accelerating the integration of forestry CCER into carbon trading.