喷油润滑内齿圈外圆面红外测温及误差分析

Temperature Measurement and Error Analysis of Oil-Jet-Lubricated Ring Gear Surface Based on Infrared Technology

高速重载人字齿轮箱的摩擦功率损失会转换成为温升,齿面温度测量是评价齿轮箱润滑和冷却设计的重要手段。针对某人字齿轮箱中内齿圈外圆面温度的在线实时准确测量需求,提出了一种基于红外测温仪的旋转齿轮表面温度测量方法,并分别设计搭建了相关测试试验装置。首先,分析了基于红外测温仪的旋转齿轮表面温度测量误差的影响因素;其次,通过试验对待测齿面的发射率进行标定;最后,开展了不同转速工况下的喷油润滑齿轮表面温度测量试验,并分析了吹气压力和吹气温度对红外测温误差的影响。研究结果表明:待测齿面喷涂黑色哑光漆后的标定发射率为0.96,而红外测温光路上的光学镜片会使红外测温值低2℃左右;带有空气吹扫管的红外测温仪可以在线实时测量旋转内齿圈外圆面的温度,且红外与热电偶测温值的最大相对误差不超过7%;选择合适的空气吹扫压力和吹扫温度,可以进一步减小红外测温误差。

The frictional power loss of the high-speed and heavy-duty herringbone gearbox is converted into temperature rise.Tooth surface temperature measurement is an important method to evaluate gearbox lubrication and cooling design.Aiming at the requirement of online real-time and accurate measurement of the outer surface temperature of the inner ring gear in a herringbone gearbox,a method for measuring the surface temperature of rotating gears based on an infrared thermometer is proposed,and the related test devices are designed and built respectively.First,the factors that affect the measurement error of the surface temperature of the rotating gear are analyzed based on the infrared thermometer.Then the emissivity of the tooth surface is calibrated and analyzed by the experiment.Finally,the surface temperature measurement tests of the oil-injected lubricated gear are carried out under different speed conditions,and the influences of the blowing pressure and the blowing temperature on the infrared temperature measurement error are analyzed.The results show that the calibrated emissivity after spraying black matte paint on the tooth surface is 0.96,and the optical lens on the infrared tem‑perature measurement light path make the infrared temperature measurement value lower by about 2℃.Furthermore,the infrared thermometer with an air purge tube can effectively measure the temperature of the outer surface of the rotating inner ring gear in online real-time,and the maximum relative error of infrared thermometer and thermocouple temperature measurement value does not exceed 7%.The appropriate air purge pressure and purge temperature can further reduce the error of infrared temperature measurement.