《海上交通安全法》框架下主观过错归责原则——以一起肇事逃逸案为例

The Principle of Subjective Fault Attribution under the Framework of the Maritime Traffic Safety Law:A Case Study of a Hit and Run Accident

新修订的《中华人民共和国行政处罚法》明确了“过错推定”归责原则。《中华人民共和国海上交通安全法》相关法律责任中对船舶所有人、经营人或管理人等管理主体,以及船长或责任船员等责任主体进行处罚。以一起肇事逃逸案为例,通过分析“主观过错”的归责原则和含义,对多个违法行为主体的主观过错进行探讨,进一步明确船舶违法行为责任主体的认定并给出对策建议,以提升海事行政执法的规范性和统一性。

The newly-revised Law of the People's Republic of China on Administrative Punishment clarifies the principle of imputation of subjective fault.According to the Maritime Traffic Safety Law,punishment should be imposed on the owner,operator or manager of the ship and the master or responsible crew members as well.Taking a hit-and-run case as an example,this paper analyzes the principles and connotation of imputation of subjective fault,and the subjective fault of multiple subjects of illegal acts.It further clarifies the determination of the subject responsible for ship's illegal act and provides countermeasures and suggestions,so as to promote the standardization and consistency of maritime administrative law enforcement.