啤酒厂过滤工段废硅藻土的生物再生及回用的可行性研究

Feasibility Study on Biological Regeneration and Reuse of Spent Diatomite in Filtration Section of Brewery

为解决废硅藻土资源浪费问题,并规避热再生及化学再生的缺陷,本文筛选出一株细菌及一株真菌对废硅藻土进行再生处理,并初步探究了两株菌及其混合培养对废硅藻土中蛋白质的去除效果及结构的改善情况。两株菌在培养基中显示了良好的蛋白质去除能力,分别可以降解培养基中83%和88%的蛋白质,使得培养基中NH_(4)^(+)-N的浓度显著增加。在生物处理实验中也表现出优异的再生效果,废硅藻土中的蛋白质降低了54.3%。废硅藻土中被堵塞的孔隙被释放出来,比表面积和孔容都得到了很大的提升,分别由16.50 m^(2)/g和0.077 cm^(3)/g提升到26.21 m^(2)/g和0.139 cm^(3)/g。在回用实验中,再生硅藻土能去除啤酒中67%的蛋白质,且能将为过滤啤酒的浊度由0.73 EBC降低至0.22 EBC,过滤蛋白质的效果和浊度降低效果都接近新硅藻土的过滤效果,远好于废硅藻土的过滤效果。过滤后,啤酒的非生物稳定性得到了提升。与用储存15 d后的废硅藻土过滤啤酒的浊度显著增加相反,用储存15 d后的再生硅藻土过滤啤酒后,其浊度并没有太多的改变。综合分析,本研究中的复合菌可以通过自身的代谢作用降解废硅藻土中的大分子蛋白质,释放其轮盘上的孔隙,从而使废硅藻土有效再生,再生后的硅藻土也具有重新回用于啤酒过滤工艺的可能性。

In order to solve the waste diatomite resource waste problem and avoid the defects of thermal regeneration and chemical regeneration,this paper screened out a bacterium and a fungus for waste diato-mite regeneration treatment,and preliminatively explored the protein removal and structure improvement of waste diatomite after the two bacteria formed compound bacteria.The two strains showed good protein removal ability in the medium,which could degrade 83% and 88% of the protein in the medium,respectively,and significantly increased the concentration of NH_(4)^(+)-N in the medium.It also showed excellent regeneration effect in biological treatment experiment,and the protein in waste diatomite decreased by 54.3%.The blocked pores in the waste diatomite were released,and the specific surface area and pore volume were greatly increased from 16.50 m^(2)/g and 0.077 cm ^(3)/g to 26.21 m^(2)/g and 0.139 cm 3/g.In order to explore the recovery of its adsorption capacity and the possibility of its reuse in beer filtration process,this study used it in beer filtration process.The results show that regenerated diatomite can remove 67% protein in beer,and reduce the turbidity of filtered beer from 0.73 EBC to 0.22 EBC.The filtering effect of protein and turbidity is close to that of new diatomite,and far better than that of waste diatomite.After filtration,the abiotic stability of beer is improved.Contrary to the significant increase in turbidity of filtered beer with waste diatomite stored for 15 days,the turbidity of filtered beer with reclaimed diatomite stored for 15 days did not change much,which is the reason for the low content of colloidal particles such as protein in beer.Comprehensive analysis shows that the compound bacteria in this study can degrade the macromolecular proteins in the waste diatomite through their own metabolism,release the pores on the wheel,and effectively regenerate the waste diatomite.The regenerated diatomite also has the possibility to be reused in the beer filtration process.