黎族织锦工艺中的经验、技术与知识

The Experience, Technique and Knowledge of Li Nationality Brocade Craft

黎族织锦工艺知识体系是指黎族传统社会发展进程中所形成的、经过长期潜移默化传承的手工艺经验、技术、艺术和知识的聚合,是黎族文化的主要表现方式。黎族织锦的发展经历了“无纺布—麻纺—棉纺”的漫长历程,其技术创新的主体是手工艺人,他们集构思、制作、生产于一体,通过在日常生活、长期劳作过程中积累的经验促进技术的发展,而这种技术进步和知识体系的形成伴随着织锦的制作逐渐产生,涵盖了自然社会、工艺技术、思维认知、文化思想等各个方向和层面。在经验、技术知识化的世代延续中不断积累和发展,逐渐形成了一套风格独特、特色鲜明的织锦工艺知识体系。该文以黎族织锦工艺为例,探寻黎族传统工艺中的经验、技术、艺术与知识。

The knowledge system of Li ethnic brocade craftsmanship refers to the aggregation of handicraft experience,technology,art,and knowledge formed in the development process of Li ethnic traditional society,which has undergone long-term and subtle influence.It is the main manifestation of Li ethnic culture.The development of the Li ethnic group's brocade has gone through a long process of non-woven fabric,linen spinning,and cotton spinning.The main body of technological innovation is the artisans,who integrate conception,production,and accumulation of experience in daily life and long-term labor to promote technological development.This technological progress and knowledge system are gradually formed with the production of brocade,covering various directions and levels such as natural society,craft technology,thinking and cognition,and cultural thought.Through the continuous accumulation and development of experience and technological knowledge from generation to generation,a unique and distinctive knowledge system of weaving techniques has gradually been formed.This article takes the Li ethnic brocade weaving process as an example to explore the experience,technology,art,and knowledge in Li traditional crafts.