清代边疆治理与陕甘总督的旗籍问题探析

An Analysis of the Frontier Governance in the Qing Dynasty and the Manchu Nationality of the Governors of Shaanxi and Gansu

边疆治理是国家行政统治的重要组成部分,而边疆官员的选择则需着重考虑贯穿清代旗人社会生活与军事组织的八旗制度。为维护清廷权威,重要军政岗位均重视官员的出身旗籍,而陕甘总督作为维护西北地区稳定的重要基石,在总督选择上亦是以满洲上三旗为主。通过对清代陕甘总督旗籍问题的探讨,可以从中窥探清朝边疆官员的启用特点,从而勾勒出清朝用人政策的基本原则。

The frontier governance is an important part of the state administration,and the selection of frontier officials should consider the Eight Banners system that runs through the social life and military organizations of the Qing Dynasty.For the sake of the maintenance of the authority of the Qing government,the Manchu nationality of the officials is an important consideration for important military and political posts.The governors of Shaanxi and Gansu,as an important cornerstone to maintain the stability of the northwest region,are selected among the upper three banners of the Manchuria.The analysis of the Manchu nationality of the governors of Shaanxi and Gansu in the Qing Dynasty can help understand the characteristics of the selection of frontier officials in the Qing Dynasty and outline the basic principles of the official selection and appointment policy in the Qing Dynasty.