积极老龄化视域下老年人心理健康现状与应对策略研究

Psychological Health Status and Coping Strategies of the Elderly from the Perspective of Active Aging

目的调查老年人心理健康现状,分析其影响因素,在积极老龄化视域下探讨应对策略。为提升老年人总体心理健康水平提供科学依据,为实现积极老龄化提供理论基础。方法2023年3月采用分层抽样的方法,抽取蚌埠市社区老年人(≥60岁)130人,采用自行设计的一般资料调查表和老年人心理健康自评工具进行面对面调查。结果研究显示,调查的老年对象心理健康总分为(48.85±8.61),其中有76名(58.5%)老年人存在轻度及以上的心理健康问题,中重度心理健康问题老年人36人(27.7%)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,经济保障、锻炼次数、手机使用熟练程度以及慢性病患病情况均是老年人心理健康状况影响因素。结论蚌埠市的老年人心理健康问题不容忽视,受经济保障、慢性病患病情况、锻炼次数以及手机使用的熟练程度的影响,应结合积极老龄化的人口学背景,重视老年人心理健康状况,从政策保障、社会引导、家庭支持以及自我调节多方面努力,提升老年人心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the current mental health status of elderly people,analyze its influencing factors,and explore coping strategies from the perspective of active aging.To provide scientific basis for improving the overall mental health level of the elderly and theoretical basis for achieving active aging.Methods In March 2023,a stratified sampling method was used to select 130 elderly people(≥60 years old)from the community of Bengbu City.A self-designed general information questionnaire and a self-assessment tool for elderly mental health were used for face-to-face surveys.Results The study showed that the total mental health score was(48.85±8.61),of which 76(58.5%)had mild or above mental health problems,and 36(27.7%)had moderate to severe mental health problems.The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that economic security,exercise frequency,mobile phone proficiency,and chronic disease prevalence are all influencing factors on the psychological health status of the elderly.Conclusion The mental health issues of the elderly in Bengbu City cannot be ignored.Affected by economic security,chronic disease prevalence,exercise frequency,and proficiency in mobile phone use,it is necessary to combine the demographic background of active aging,pay attention to the mental health status of the elderly,and improve their mental health level through policy protection,social guidance,family support,and self-regulation.