厌氧消化和好氧堆肥对城市污泥中新污染物的削减

Reduction of emerging pollutants in sewage sludge by anaerobic digestion and aerobic composting

城镇污水处理规模的扩大使得城市污泥的产生量增加,而药物及个人护理品(PPCPs)、生物性污染物、微塑料(MPs)和雌激素等新污染物在污泥中的检出率也呈增加趋势。污泥厌氧消化制沼气、好氧堆肥制土壤改良剂具有削减污染物、回收有价值组分、降低环境风险等多重功效,然而它们对新污染物的削减效果尚待考察。以上述4种新污染物为例,比较了它们在不同国家城市污泥中的存在状况,综述了厌氧消化、好氧堆肥、厌氧消化和好氧堆肥结合以及与物化措施联合对新污染物的削减情况及存在的问题。针对污泥中多种新污染物并存的状况,提出未来应开发针对多种新污染物的去除技术,同时强化新污染物削减机制的研究,以保障城市污泥的安全利用。

With the expansion of urban sewage treatment scale,the production of municipal sludge increased,and the detection rate of emerging pollutants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs),biological pollutants,microplastics(MPs)and estrogen in sludge also showed an increasing trend.The two sludge recycling methods,anaerobic digestion of sludge to produce biogas and aerobic composting to produce soil conditioner,have multiple effects of reducing pollutants,recovering valuable components and reducing environmental risks.However,the effect of reducing emerging pollutants in sludge is still unclear.Taking the four emerging pollutants mentioned above as examples,their existing conditions in urban sludge in different countries were compared,and the reduction effects and existing problems of emerging pollutants in sludge by anaerobic digestion,aerobic composting,combined treatment of anaerobic digestion and aerobic composting,as well as physical and chemical measures were summarized.In view of the coexistence of many emerging pollutants in sludge,it was suggested that the removal technology for many emerging pollutants should be developed in the future,and the research on the reduction mechanism of emerging pollutants should be strengthened in order to ensure the safe utilization of sewage sludge.