自然与超然——浅析朱自清《背影》之伦理意蕴及教育启示

Naturalness and Detachment——A brief analysis of the ethical implications and educational enlightenment of Zhu Ziqing's"Back"

朱自清的《背影》“干净”“老实”却又感人至深,朱自清将自然与超然的两种心境融于朴实平常的文脉中,通过情绪、情感、情怀分层构建,将父子间的“怒”“爱”“和”对号入座安放其中,各不避讳却又整体和谐,进而产生巨大的情感张力以及浓厚的伦理意蕴。为此,阐述了《背影》的自然心境及现实伦理,分析了《背影》的超然心境及理想伦理,从《背影》中得到情感教育启示,不仅为散文创作开辟了新的人本主义视角,还为当前进一步发挥大学语文教学的情感教育功能提供了新的思路。

Zhu Ziqing's"Back"is"clean"and"honest"but deeply moving,Zhu Ziqing integrates the two states of mind of nature and detachment into a simple and ordinary context,and places the"anger","love"and"harmony"between father and son through the layered construction of emotions,emotions and feelings,each of which is not shy but harmonious as a whole,and then produces huge emotional tension and strong ethical implications.To this end,this paper expounds the natural state of mind and realistic ethics of"Back",analyzes the transcendent state of mind and ideal ethics of"Back",and obtains the inspiration of emotional education from"Back",which not only opens up a new humanistic perspective for prose creation,but also provides a new idea for further exerting the emotional education function of college Chinese teaching.