基于数据挖掘探析《中华医典》中针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的选穴特点

Acupoints Selection Rule in Acupuncture Treatment for Spasmodic Torticollis in Chinese Medicine Code Based on Data Mining

目的:运用数据挖掘技术探析中医古籍文献中针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的穴位选用特点。方法:收集《中华医典》中历代针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的腧穴条目,并根据纳排标准将腧穴录入数据库,建立古代文献数据库,对其归经、所在部位及特定穴进行梳理,分析选穴特点,运用IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0、IBM SPSS Modeler18.0及Cytoscape3.9.1软件对所得腧穴条目进行聚类分析及关联规则分析,并绘制复杂网络图;运用中医传承辅助平台V2.5软件对所得腧穴条目进行熵层次聚类算法,得出新腧穴处方。结果:共获得针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的相关条目127条,涉及中医古籍25部,共包含80个腧穴、使用总频次为297次。其中《普济方·针灸》中相关条目最多,对针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的指导意义最大;使用频次前5位的腧穴为风府、风池、承浆、天柱与昆仑;应用最多的腧穴归经以足太阳膀胱经和督脉为主,且所在部位以头面颈项部和手足部为主,特定穴使用频次最高的是交会穴和五腧穴;关联规则显示支持度最高的穴组为“风府穴-风池穴”,核心穴组处方为“风府-风池-承浆-天柱-哑门-完骨”;使用树状图进行聚类分析共出现6个有效腧穴聚类群;并基于复杂系统熵聚类算法得出两个新腧穴处方。结论:本研究利用数据挖掘技术对古籍中针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的相关条目进行梳理分析,分析其选穴配伍特点,可得出针灸治疗病症内容丰富,重视将不同经络腧穴配伍应用,以局部取穴与远端取穴配伍为主,重视特定穴的使用,对现代临床应用具有一定的指导意义。

Objective:To analyze the acupoints selection rule in acupuncture treatment for spasmodic torticollis(ST) in classical Chinese medical literature by using data mining techniques.Methods:Relevant acupoint entries for treatment of ST from Chinese Medicine Code were collected and entered into a database based on inclusion criteria.A database of ancient medical literature was established,and acupoints were categorized by meridian,anatomical location and specific points.The acupoints selection rule was analyzed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0,IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0,and Cytoscape 3.9.1 software.Cluster analysis and association rule analysis were conducted,and a complex network graph was mapped.Additionally,the Traditional Chinese Medicine Heritage Support Platform V2.5 was used for entropy-based hierarchical clustering analysis of acupoints,leading to the identification of new acupoint prescriptions.Results:A total of 127 relevant entries about acupuncture treatment for ST were obtained,involving 25 classical Chinese medical texts and including 80 acupoints.The total frequency of acupoint use was 297 times.The entry with the most relevance was found in Prescriptions for Universal Relief·Acupuncure and Moxibustion,which holds significant guidance for acupuncture treatment for ST.The top five frequently used acupoints were Fengfu(DU16),Fengchi(GB20),Chengjiang(RN24),Tianzhu(BL10) and Kunlun(BL60).The meridians with the most frequently used acupoints were Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang and Du Meridian.The anatomical locations primarily involved head,face,neck,hand and foot.The most frequently used specific acupoints were confluent points and five-Shu points.The highest-support acupoint combination was DU16-GB20,and the core prescription consisted of DU16-GB20-RN24-BL10-Yamen(DU15)-Wangu(GB12).Cluster analysis revealed six effective acupoint clusters by using a dendrogram.Moreover,based on complex system entropy clustering algorithm,two new acupoint prescriptions were derived.Conclusion:This study employed data mining techniques to analyze relevant entries in ancient texts regarding acupuncture treatment for ST.The findings suggest a rich content for acupuncture treatment,emphasizing the compatibility of acupoints from different meridians,the combination of local points and distal points,the application of specific points,which is of significance for clinical treatment of ST.