上海市长宁区养老院群体认知功能状况调查及影响因素研究

Research on the status and risk factors of cognitive function amongnursing home population in Changning District,Shanghai

目的探究上海长宁养老院人群认知功能障碍的患病率及影响因素。方法研究采用随机整群抽样法,抽取长宁区5家养老院的570名老年人进行问卷调查。采用多因素logistic回归进行影响因素分析。结果上海长宁养老院老年群体的认知功能障碍占比为22.46%。其中≤80、>80岁年龄组分别为16.81%、23.95%,男女分别为19.21%和23.92%。多因素分析显示:年龄≥80岁(OR=1.839,95%CI:1.045~3.235)、无读书看报习惯(OR=2.087,95%CI:1.282~3.398)、有日常活动能力限制(OR=1.577,95%CI:1.023~2.431)、有抑郁症状(OR=2.809,95%CI:1.840~4.288)均是认知功能障碍患病的影响因素。结论长宁区养老院老年人逾五分之一有认知功能障碍症状,有必要对养老院群体进行常规化的认知评估和认知干预措施,减轻认知受损所造成的健康和经济损失。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of cognitive impairment in the nursing home population in Changning District,Shanghai.Methods In this study,random cluster sampling method was used to select 570 elderly people from 5 nursing homes in Changning District.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors influencing cognitive function.Results The total prevalence of cognitive impairment in Changning nursing home population was 22.46%.The prevalence rates of≤80 and>80 age groups were 16.81%and 23.95%,respectively,and the prevalence rates of men and women were 19.21%and 23.92%,respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that age≥80 years old(OR=1.839,95%CI:1.045-3.235),no habit of reading book or newspaper(OR=2.087,95%CI:1.282-3.398),limitation of daily activity ability(OR=1.577,95%CI:1.023-2.431),and having depressive symptoms(OR=2.809,95%CI:1.840-4.288)were all influencing factors for cognitive impairment.Conclusion More than one fifth of elderly people in nursing homes in Changning District have symptoms of cognitive impairment.It is necessary to carry out routine cognitive assessment and appropriate cognitive intervention for the nursing home population to reduce the health and economic losses caused by cognitive impairment.