2019—2022年重庆开州区儿童呼吸道感染病原体流行特征

Epidemic characteristics of respiratory tract infection diseasesin children in Kaizhou District,Chongqing in 2019-2022

目的分析与探讨重庆开州区儿童呼吸道感染常见病原体流行特征。方法选择2019年1月至2022年12月重庆市开州区人民医院收治的5328位儿童作为研究对象,检测血清中的呼吸道病原体特异性IgM,包括肺炎支原体(mycoplasma pneumoniae,MP)、肺炎衣原体(chlamydia pneumoniae,CP)、抗呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)、腺病毒(adenovirus,ADV)、流感病毒甲型(influenza virus type A,IVA)、流感病毒乙型(influenza virus type B,IVB)、副流感病毒(parainfluenza virus,PIV)和嗜肺军团菌(legionella pneumophila,LP)。分析8种病原体在呼吸道患儿的发病特点和病原体流行特征。结果(1)检出率最高的为MP(X^(2)=12.141,P<0.05)。(2)婴儿组的PM与PIV等病原体检出率低于幼儿组和大童组,差异有统计学意义(X^(2)=7.923,P<0.05)。(3)8种病原体IgM在春季的检出率最高,冬季相反(X^(2)=1.872,P<0.05)。(4)5328例病儿共检出IgM抗体阳性3817例,阳性率为71.64%,性别之间差异有统计学意义(X^(2)=3.928,P<0.05)。结论呼吸道病原体检出率春季最高,防范春季呼吸道感染,重点关注肺炎支原体的防控。

Objective To analyze the incidence characteristics and pathogen epidemic characteristics of respiratory tract children in Chongqing Kaizhou District.Methods A total of 5328 children admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects.Indirect immunofluorescence method was used to detect 8 common respiratory pathogens in the serum of the children;Using SPSS 22.0 software,analyze the incidence characteristics and pathogen prevalence of 8 pathogens in respiratory tract children.Results(1)The highest detection rate was MP(X^(2)=12.141,P<0.05);(2)The detection rate of PM and PIV in the infant group was lower than that in the infant group and large group,The difference was statistically significant(X^(2)=7.923,P<0.05);(3)Eight pathogens IgM had the highest detection rate in the spring,Opposite in winter(X^(2)=1.872,P<0.05);(4)A total of 3817 IgM antibody positive cases were detected in 5328 sick infants,The positive rate was 71.64%,There was a statistical difference between the sexes(X^(2)=3.928,P<0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of respiratory pathogens varies in age and sex,which is highest in spring,so pay attention to the respiratory tract infection in spring,focusing on the prevention and treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae.