仿生技术在中药质量控制领域的应用研究进展

Research Progress of Biomimetic Technologies in the Field of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Control

中药的气味与质量存在紧密的联系,《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版中绝大多数药材和饮片性状项下都有对其气、味的描述。然而,在实际的中药质量控制过程中有关气、味的鉴别较为主观、个体差异较大,缺乏客观的量化判断标准。作为近年来发展起来的新技术,电子鼻、电子舌等仿生技术可一定程度代替人的感官,将气、味信息转化为量化指标,完成对药材气、味的评价,更具现代科学性和客观性。对此类技术在中药质量控制领域,如鉴别、炮制规律、毒性中药质量控制及中药物质基础等方面的应用进展进行综述,以期为中药研究和中药质量控制提供新的思路。

The odor of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is closely related to its quality.The 2020 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China describes the odor and taste of most medicinal materials and decoctions under their respective characteristics.However,in the actual process of quality control of TCM,the identification of odor and taste is often subjective and highly variable between individuals,lacking objective and quantitative criteria for assessment.As a relatively new technology developed in recent years,biomimetic technologies such as electronic nose and electronic tongue can to some extent replace human senses.They can transform odor and taste information into quantitative indicators,thereby achieving a more modern and objective evaluation of the odor and taste of medicinal materials.This article reviews the application progress of such technologies in the field of TCM quality control,such as the identification of medicinal materials,processing of medicinal materials,quality control of toxic Chinese medicines,and the material basis of Chinese medicines.Our work may provide new insights for the research and quality control of TCM.