多层级异质异构吸波超材料功能化设计及熔融沉积3D打印

Functionalized Design and Fused Deposition 3D-printing of Hierarchical Heterogeneous Isomeric Wave-absorbing Metamaterial

针对吸波材料向工程应用方向发展需具备轻质和宽带吸波的关键需求,提出了一种有损谐振结构和功能化介质层调控的多层级复合异质异构吸波超材料,通过对介质层进行仿生结构化设计实现吸波超材料轻量化和宽带吸波性能。将热塑性聚合物材料和银铜合金复合制备了特定电导率的复合材料,通过优化银铜合金重量比和复合材料的打印工艺实现了谐振结构电导率的精确控制。基于此,设计了两层有损谐振结构层来调控宽带阻抗匹配和欧姆损耗,利用双材料熔融沉积3D打印工艺实现了多层级异质异构吸波超材料的可控制备。所制备的吸波超材料等效密度为0.3 g/cm3,电磁性能测试结果表明在垂直入射条件下,吸波超材料在3.8~19.24GHz频段实现了高效吸波性能。同时,电磁波在横电波(Transverse electric,TE)和横磁波(Transverse magnetic,TM)模式下、入射角在50°范围内时,吸波超材料都具有良好的宽带吸波性能。这种多层级异质异构吸波超材料的设计和制造方法为推动吸波材料向工程应用化方向发展提供了技术支撑。

In order to meet the key requirements of lightweight and big absorbing bandwidth for the development of wave absorbing materials towards engineering applications,a hierarchical heterogeneous isomeric wave-absorbing metamaterial composing of lossy resonant structures and functionalized dielectric layer is proposed.The lightweight and the broadband absorbing properties of wave-absorbing metamaterial are achieved by bionic structural design for the dielectric layer.A composite material with specific conductivity is prepared by combining thermoplastic polymer material and silver copper alloy.By optimizing the weight ratio of silver copper alloy and the printing process of composite material,the conductivity of the resonant structure is controlled precisely.Based on this,two lossy resonant structure layers are designed to regulate broadband impedance matching and ohmic loss,then the hierarchical isometric heterogeneous wave-absorbing metamaterial is realized based on the dual-material fusion deposition 3D-printing process.The equivalent density of the prepared wave-absorbing metamaterial is 0.3 g/cm3.The electromagnetic performance test showed that the absorbing metamaterial,under the condition of vertical incidence,achieved high-efficient absorbing performance in 3.8-19.24 GHz.At the same time,when the electromagnetic wave is in the modes of transverse electric wave(Transverse Electric,TE) and transverse magnetic wave(Transverse Magnetic,TM) and the incidence angle is in the range of 50°,the wave-absorbing metamaterial had good broadband absorbing performance.The design and fabrication methods for the hierarchical heterogeneous isomeric wave-absorbing metamaterials provide technical support for promoting the development of wave-absorbing metamaterial to engineering application.