基于“三生”空间的合肥市区城市空间宜居性评价

Evaluation of Urban Space Livability in the Urban Area of Hefei based on Production-Living-Ecological Space

构建宜居的城市空间是城市建设的重要内容,城市空间的宜居性评价对于城市可持续发展具有重要意义。文章从“生产-生活-生态(三生)”空间(PLES)视角出发,利用空间分析方法对合肥市区城市空间宜居性水平进行测度,以期为未来城市空间宜居性建设工作提供科学的规划参考,促进城市空间要素协调及空间优化。首先,本文从生活舒适、生产便利、生态健康三个方面,构建城市空间宜居性评价模型。其次,运用城市空间宜居性评价模型、全局空间自相关分析方法、耦合协调度模型,分别对合肥市区城市空间的宜居性单因素分异现状、综合宜居程度和“三生”空间耦合程度进行分析。最后,探讨合肥市区城市空间“三生”要素协调性,并提出提升城市空间宜居性的优化策略。结果表明:(1)在“三生”空间单因素宜居性方面,合肥市区各类型空间的宜居性呈现出显著的分异特征,空间上呈现出生活舒适区中心集聚、生产便利区由中心向外围扩散、生态健康区四周分散的特点;(2)合肥市区空间整体宜居性较高,宜居性高值区主要集中在市区中心,低值区域集中在市区周边;(3)合肥市区“三生”空间耦合协调度水平均呈现城市中心高、四周低的特征,且生活-生产耦合协调度最高,说明两者空间布局具有一定的合理性,实现了良性协调。

Building livable urban space is an important component of urban construction.The evaluation of urban space livability is of great significance for urban sustainable development.The study measured the level of urban spatial livability in the urban area of Hefei from the spatial perspective of production-living-ecological space(PLES),using spatial analysis methods,to provide new ideas for the construction of livable urban spatial and to promote the coordination of urban spatial elements and spatial optimization.Firstly,this study constructed the evaluation model for urban spatial livability from three perspectives:Comfortable living,convenient production and ecological health.Secondly,using the evaluation model for urban spatial livability,the global spatial autocorrelation analysis method and the coupling coordination degree model,the single factor differentiation of urban space livable potential,comprehensive livable degree and the coupling degree of PLES in the urban area of Hefei were analyzed,respectively.Finally,this study discusses the coordination of PLES elements of the urban space in Hefei urban area,and puts forward spatial optimization strategies.The results show three important aspects of this system.(1)In terms of the single-factor livability of living,production and ecology,there are significant differences in the spatial distribution characteristics of the livability of the Hefei urban area.There is a spatial clustering of living comfort areas in the center,a spreading of production convenience areas from the center to the periphery,and a scattering of ecological health areas around the perimeter.(2)The overall livability of the urban space in Hefei is high.In terms of space,it shows the characteristics of high in the middle and low around the periphery,and the high-value area of livability is mainly concentrated in the urban center.(3)The coupling coordination degree of PLES in the urban area of Hefei is high in the city center and low around the city.The coupling coordination degree of life-production is the highest,which indicates that the spatial layout of these two elements has certain rationality and achieves benign coordination.