基于顶芽智能识别的棉花化学打顶系统研究

Research on Cotton Chemical Topping System Based on Apical Bud Intelligent Recognition

设计了基于顶芽智能识别的棉花化学打顶系统,为实现精准作业,合理高效使用棉花化学打顶药剂,以减少因化学打顶剂的过度使用造成的环境污染。该系统主要由棉花顶芽识别系统、控制系统和喷施系统组成。采用YOLO v5s算法构建棉花顶芽识别模型。控制系统采用STM32F407单片机,负责接收识别系统的信号,并对各个棉花打顶剂管道进行控制。同时,显示界面能够实时显示机具行驶速度、药液流量、打顶剂液位等参数。试验结果表明,在田间全天光照试验中,上午和下午时间段识别效果最优;在速度0.4 m/s下,平均识别率约为94%;信号发送区间为100 mm时,成功向下位机发送信号的成功率达到92%;田间对靶喷施试验表明,有效喷施率为94%,满足作业要求。

A cotton chemical topping system based on top bud intelligent recognition was designed to achieve precise operation,rational and efficient use of cotton chemical topping agents,and reduce environmental pollution caused by excessive use of chemical topping agents.The system mainly consisted of cotton top bud recognition system,control system,and spraying system.A cotton top bud recognition model was constructed by using the YOLO v5s algorithm.The control system adopted STM32F407 microcontroller,which was responsible for receiving signals from the recognition system and controlling various cotton topping agent pipelines.At the same time,the display interface can display real-time parameters such as the driving speed of the equipment,the flow rate of the medicine,and the liquid level of the topping agent.The experimental results showed that in the field all day light experiment,the morning and afternoon time periods had the best recognition performance.At a speed of 0.4m/s,the average recognition rate was about 94%.When the signal transmission interval was 100mm,the success rate of successfully sending signals to the lower computer reached 92%.The field target spraying experiment showed that the effective spraying rate was 94%,which met the spraying requirements.