青少年静态行为与心肺耐力及执行功能的关系

Association between sedentary behaviors with cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function among adolescents

目的探讨青少年心肺耐力与静态行为和执行功能间的关系,为改善青少年的静态行为、发展其执行功能提供一定参考。方法于2022年9—12月在上海、苏州、太原、婺源、兴义、乌鲁木齐,采用分层随机抽样法抽取5018名13~18岁青少年进行静态行为调查及心肺耐力和执行功能测试。采用Pearson相关分析青少年静态行为、心肺耐力和执行功能之间的关系,中介效应模型采用Hayes编制的PROCESS(3.3版)SPSS宏中的引导中介程序进行拟合,使用其中的模型4检验青少年心肺耐力在静态行为与执行功能关系中的中介效应,其中Bootstrap法用于计算中介效应的置信区间。结果青少年每日静态行为时间与刷新功能(1-back和2-back)和转换功能反应时均呈正相关(r值分别为0.05,0.07,0.05),青少年最大摄氧量(VO_(2max))与刷新功能(1-back和2-back)和转换功能反应时均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.09,-0.14,-0.11),青少年每日静态行为时间与VO_(2max)呈负相关(r=-0.04)(P值均<0.01)。心肺耐力在静态行为与刷新功能(1-back和2-back)和转换功能间中介效应值分别为0.20(95%CI=0.06~0.36)、0.43(95%CI=0.14~0.74)和0.13(95%CI=0.04~0.22),中介效应占比分别为6.87%,8.33%和8.59%。结论青少年静态行为时间与执行功能表现有关,心肺耐力可作为中介因子介导青少年静态行为与执行功能间的关联。

Objective To explore the relationship between sedentary behavior with cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function in adolescents,and to provide some references for sedentary behavior prevention and executive function improvement.Methods From September to December 2022,a total of 5018 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years were selected by stratified random sampling method in Shanghai,Suzhou,Taiyuan,Wuyuan,Xingyi,and Urumqi to conduct physical activity survey,as well as cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function assessment.Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the relationship between sedentary behavior,cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function.The mediation effect model was fitted by the bootstrap mediation procedure in the PROCESS(version 3.3)SPSS macro compiled by Haves,and the mediation effect of adolescents’cardiorespiratory fitness in the relationship between static behavior and executive function was examined using model 4 in the PROCESS SPSS macro,where Boosrap method was used to compute the mediation effect of adolescents’cardiorespiratory fitness.where the Boosrap method was used to calculate confidence intervals for the mediating effects.Results Adolescents’daily sedentary time was positively correlated with both the refreshing function(1-back and 2-back)and the switch function reaction time(r=0.05,0.07,0.05,P<0.01).Adolescent VO_(2max)was negatively correlated with both the refreshing function(1-back,2-back)and the switching function(r=-0.09,-0.14,-0.11,P<0.01).Adolescents’daily sedentary time was negatively correlated with VO_(2max)(r=-0.04,P<0.01);cardiorespiratory fitness mediated effect values between sedentary behavior and refreshing function(1-back and 2-back)and converted function were 0.20(95%CI=0.06-0.36),0.43(95%CI=0.14-0.74)and 0.13(95%CI=0.04-0.22),with mediating effect shares of 6.87%,8.33%and 8.59%,respectively.Conclusion The duration of sedentary behavior in adolescents is related to executive function performance,and cardiorespiratory fitness may serve as a mediator to mediate the association between sedentary behavior and executive function in adolescents.