青少年广泛性焦虑障碍人群血清标志物表达变化

Expression levels of serum biomarkers in adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder

目的探讨青少年广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)人群血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)的表达水平,为青少年GAD的早期诊断和病情评估提供参考依据。方法选取2020年3月—2023年2月在呼和浩特市3所三甲医院就诊,年龄13~18岁的首发青少年GAD患者97例,根据入院时广泛性焦虑障碍问卷(GAD-7)评分将其分为轻中度GAD组(58例)和重度GAD组(39例),同时选取同期来自该3所医院参加常规体检的青少年健康人群为对照组(90名)。采用方差分析比较3组对象血清NSE、IL-1β及BDNF水平,进一步两两比较用LSD-t检验;采用Pearson相关性分析血清NSE、IL-1β及BDNF之间的关系。结果3组受试者血清NSE、IL-1β及BDNF水平的差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为10.73,12.80,20.67,P值均<0.01),组间两两比较显示差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。对照组血清NSE为(8.70±1.35)μg/L、IL-1β为(18.42±5.43)pg/mL,均为最低;重度GAD组为(14.21±3.25)μg/L、(26.04±5.39)pg/mL,均为最高。对照组血清BDNF水平为(27.16±4.42)ng/mL,为最高;重度GAD组为(10.46±3.27)ng/mL,为最低。双变量Pearson直线相关分析显示,GAD人群血清NSE、IL-1β水平与血清BDNF水平均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.49,-0.57),血清NSE与IL-1β水平呈正相关(r=0.40)(P值均<0.05)。结论青少年GAD人群存在血清NSE、IL-1β水平异常升高、BDNF水平异常降低的表现。血清NSE、IL-1β及BDNF水平可作为青少年GAD的检测标志物,有助于其早期诊断和病情评估。

Objective To investigate the expression levels of serum neuron-specific enolase(NSE),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)in adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder(GAD),so as to provide reference for the early diagnosis and evaluation of GAD in adolescents.Methods From March 2020 to February 2023,97 first-episode adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder aged 13-18 years were selected in the study.According to the score of generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire(GAD-7)on admission,they were divided into mild-moderate GAD group(58 cases)and severe GAD group(39 cases).At the same time,90 healthy adolescents who participated in routine physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group.Variance analysis was conducted for comparison among serum NSE,IL-1βand BDNF level.LSD-t was applied for further comparison,and the bivariate Pearson linear correlation analysis was carried out for the relationship among serum NSE,IL-1βand BDNF level.Results The differences among 3 groups of subjects on NSE and IL-1β,and BDNF were of statistical significance(F=10.73,12.80,20.67,P<0.01),and the differences between groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the control group,serum NSE level was(8.70±1.35)μg/L,IL-1βwas(18.42±5.43)pg/mL,both were the lowest.The levels of NSE and IL-1βin severe GAD group were(14.21±3.25)μg/L,(26.04±5.39)pg/mL,which were the highest.The serum BDNF level in control group was(27.16±4.42)ng/mL,which was the highest;and the severe GAD group was(10.46±3.27)ng/mL,which was the lowest.The bivariate Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that the serum NSE and IL-1βlevels in GAD group were negatively correlated with the serum BDNF level(r=-0.49,-0.57);the serum NSE level was positively correlated with the IL-1βlevel(r=0.40)(P<0.05).Conclusions The serum levels of NSE and IL-1βare abnormally increased in adolescents with GAD,and the serum levels of BDNF are significantly decreased.The serum levels of NSE,IL-1βand BDNF can be used as detection markers for adolescent GAD,which is helpful for early diagnosis and disease evaluation.