深圳市龙岗区寄宿制中学新生结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染现状

Latent tuberculosis infection status among freshmen in boarding middle schools in Longgang District of Shenzhen City

目的分析深圳市龙岗区寄宿制中学新生的结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染现状,为下一阶段结核病防控策略的制定提供参考依据。方法利用2022年9月至2023年5月深圳市龙岗区中小学生结核病健康体检数据,分析结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染现状,采用χ^(2)检验探究不同年级、学校性质、学校类别、学校级别的潜伏感染率差异。结果2022年深圳市龙岗区寄宿制初一和高一新生的结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率为2.45%。完全中学(6.45%)、高中(3.37%)、寄宿制初中(0.28%)、九年一贯制(0)和十二年一贯制(1.00%)学生的感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高一新生的结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率(2.68%)高于寄宿制初一新生(0.33%),公立学校(2.87%)、市级学校(3.24%)的感染率分别高于私立学校(1.78%)、区级学校(2.13%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为43.58,25.15,22.69,P值均<0.01)。结论深圳市龙岗区寄宿制中学新生结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率处于较低水平,高中、公立、市级学校学生的结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率更高。学校应充分保证学生的体育活动时间、通过举办健康知识讲座提高学生对结核病的认知,减少学生结核病的发生。

Objective To analyze the current status of latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)among freshmen in boarding middle schools in Longgang District,Shenzhen,so as to provide reference for formulating tuberculosis prevention and control strategies in the next stage.Methods Data for tuberculosis health examination conducted among primary and secondary school students in Longgang District of Shenzhen in September 2022 to May 2023 were utilized to analyze the latent tuberculosis infection rate,and to explore the differences in latent tuberculosis infection rate among different grades,school nature,school categories and school levels.Results The latent tuberculosis infection rate among freshmen in boarding secondary schools in Longgang District,Shenzhen in 2022 was 2.45%.The infection rate among full middle school(6.45%)and high school(3.37%)were higher than that in boarding junior high school(0.28%),nine-year education school(0)and twelve-year education school(1.00%)(P<0.01).Moreover,the infection rate of high school freshmen(2.68%)was higher than that of bording junior high school(0.33%),and the rate of public schools(2.87%)and municipal schools(3.24%)were higher than those of private schools(1.78%)and distric-level schools(2.13%)respectively,with statistical significance observed for all differences(χ^(2)=43.58,25.15,22.69,P<0.01).Conclusions The latent tuberculosis infection rate among new boarding secondary students is relatively low in Longgang District of Shenzhen.However,the infection rate is higher in high school,public and municipal school.School should fully guarantee sports participation of students,enhance students’awareness of tuberculosis through health knowledge lectures,and reduce the incidence of tuberculosis among students.