斑马鱼模型在孤独症谱系障碍研究中应用进展

Current progress of zebrafish model in autism spectrum disorder

斑马鱼(Danio rerio,zebra fish)是一种新型脊椎动物模型,由于具有与人类同源性高、价格低廉、生长周期短、透明度高等优点,已应用于人类疾病研究。该文分析对比了斑马鱼12个已通过测量目标mRNA或蛋白质水平证明功能丧失的ASD风险基因与人类基因的同源性百分比,从基因组靶向诱变方面介绍了9个斑马鱼功能敲低或敲除且有显著ASD行为的ASD模型,从药物环境诱导方面介绍了丙戊酸钠、戊四唑等环境因素诱导的斑马鱼ASD模型,以及对应的ASD行为表现。斑马鱼对于孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)的机理研究、药物治疗与筛选等研究具有独特的优势,在人类疾病的研究中将会带来极大的研究前景和应用价值。

Danio rerio(zebra fish)is a new vertebrate model.Due to its high homology with human,low price,short growth cycle and high transparency,it had been applied in the study of human diseases.This review analyzed and compared the homology percentage of 12 zebrafish ASD risk genes with functional loss demonstrated by measuring target mRNA or protein levels and human genes,and introduced 9 zebrafish ASD models with functional knockdown or knockdown and significant ASD behavior from the aspect of genomic targeted mutagenesis.From the aspect of drug environment induction,the model of zebrafish ASD induced by environmental factors such as sodium valproate and pentatetrazole and the corresponding behavior of ASD were been introduced.Zebrafish has unique advantages for research on the mechanism,drug treatment and screening of autism spectrum disorder(ASD),but there are still many research and application values that have not been explored,which will bring great research prospects and application values in the study of human diseases.