木材胶黏剂仿生改性研究进展

Research Progress in the Biomimetic Modification of Wood Adhesives

目前,利用无醛胶黏剂替代醛类树脂胶黏剂制备人造板产品成为木材胶黏剂研究热点,符合国家可持续发展和“双碳”战略。生物仿生为木材胶黏剂的改性和性能提升提供了设计灵感,是一种新兴且有效的改性策略。通过仿生设计与改性,无醛木材胶黏剂的耐水性、防霉性、涂布预压性等得到显著提升的同时可以赋予胶黏剂功能性,是木材工业研究热点之一。本文综述了无醛木材胶黏剂仿生改性研究进展,按照仿生原理分为生物化学仿生木材胶黏剂(包括灵感来源于贻贝湿态黏附或模拟生物矿化、细胞壁构筑和重组键合网络过程等)以及结构仿生木材胶黏剂(包括灵感来源于壁虎脚趾微纳刷状结构、蜘蛛丝微相分离结构、珍珠层“砖和砂浆”结构、墨鱼骨多孔结构、弹簧螺旋结构等)。重点介绍了仿生原理、配方设计、胶黏剂性能和潜在应用价值,以期为木材胶黏剂的开发与高附加值利用提供参考。

Utilizing formaldehyde-free adhesive to replace formaldehyde-based resin adhesivein the preparation of wood-based panel products has become a research hotspot in wood adhesive technology.It aligns with China’s sustainable development and‘dual-carbon’strategy.The biomimetic modification provides a promising approach to improving the properties and performance of wood adhesives.By mimicking biological systems,including biological chemistry and structural principles,non-formaldehyde wood adhesives can be developed with improved water resis-tance,mold resistance,pre-press coating performance,and functional properties.This review summarizes the progress of the biomimetic modification of non-formaldehyde wood adhesives,which are categorized according to biomimetic principles as biological chemical wood adhesives,including inspiration from mussel DOPA(dihydroxyphenylalanine)chemical adhesion or biological mineralization,cell wall construction,and recoupling bonding network process,and structural wood adhesives,including inspiration from gecko toe nanobrush structure,spider silk microphase separation structure,shell‘brick and mortar’structure,squid bone porous structure,and spring spiral structure.The principles,formulation design,adhesive properties,and potential applications of biomimetic wood adhesives are highlighted to provide insights into the development and high-value utilization of wood adhesives.