高新技术企业的数字能力构建机制

The Digital Capability Construction Mechanism of High-tech Enterprises

数字能力是高新技术企业获取竞争优势的核心能力,但目前相关研究对高新技术企业构建数字能力中主观能动性发挥这一关键缺乏关注,同时忽略了不同影响要素之间的组合关系及其异质性组合路径引致的构建机制和作用效果差异,需要进一步探究高新技术企业数字能力的构建模式和机制路径。在厘清企业数字能力核心概念的基础上,基于能力理论,从基础支撑、洞察适应和动态创新3个阶层构建分析框架,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法,对106家中国高新技术企业构建数字能力的必要条件和可实施路径展开研究。结果发现:单个条件无法单独构成企业数字能力的必要条件;企业数字能力的3种构建模式是配置行为强主导、资源配置混合主导、资源结构强主导;企业数字能力构建机制模型是以强高管支持和强资源柔性为核心构建点,强制度压力、良好的生态规范机制、强技术研发和多技术平台等要素联动匹配,产生“需求-响应”效应、“技术-整合”效应和“跨界-赋能”效应。最后根据研究结论,对进一步促进高新技术企业数字能力构建提出加大数字技术研发投入、打造高度互补的资源配置组合和灵活调整组织资源结构等建议。

Digital ability is the core ability of high-tech enterprises to obtain competitive advantage.However,the current relevant researches lack the attention to the subjective initiative in the construction of digital capability of high-tech enterprises,at the same time,they ignore the combination relationship between the different influencing elements,and the construction mechanism and the action effect difference caused by the heterogeneous combination path.Therefore,it is necessary to further explore the construction mode and mechanism path of the digital capability of high-tech enterprises.Based on the clarification of the core concept of digital capability in enterprises and the capability theory,this paper constructs the analytical framework from three strata:basic support,insight adaptation,and dynamic innovation,employs the method of fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA) to investigate the necessary conditions and implementable paths for 106 Chinese high-tech enterprises to build their digital capabilities.The results show that:(1)No single condition alone can constitute a necessary condition for the development of digital capability in enterprises.(2)The three construction modes of enterprise's digital capability are strong dominance of configuration behavior,mixed dominance of resource allocation,and strong dominance of resource structure.(3)The construction mechanism model of enterprise's digital capability is based on strong executive support and strong resource flexibility,and strong institutional pressure,good ecological regulation mechanism,strong technical research and multitechnology platform are linked and matched,resulting in "demand-response" effect,"technology-integration" effect,and "cross-border-empowerment" effect.Finally,according to the research conclusion,some suggestions are put forward to further promote the digital capacity construction of high-tech enterprises,such as increasing the investment in digital technology research and development,creating a highly complementary resource allocation combination,and flexibly adjusting the organizational resource structure.