高产抗逆甘蔗新品种云蔗102768的选育

Breeding of a New Sugarcane Cultivar Yunzhe 102768 with High Yield and Stress Tolerance

【目的】针对甘蔗生产上需要解决的问题,选育高产、高糖、抗旱、抗病的甘蔗新品种,为甘蔗产业的可持续发展提供重要支撑。【方法】以‘新台糖26号’为母本、‘新台糖11号’为父本进行甘蔗有性杂交,采用甘蔗“五圃制”选育程序,经过各级圃筛选、区试试验评比分析,选育出优良甘蔗新品种‘云蔗102768’。【结果】‘云蔗102768’中晚熟、高产、高糖、中-中大茎,脱叶性好、抗旱性强,高抗黑穗病、中抗条纹花叶病、抗高粱花叶病。在云南省第十五轮甘蔗新品种区域化试验中,平均蔗产量122.17 t/hm^(2),比对照‘新台糖22号’(下同)增产13.3%;全期(11月—次年3月)平均蔗糖分14.70%,与对照相当;平均含糖量16.26 t/hm^(2),比对照增产12.4%。【结论】该品种于2022年通过中华人民共和国农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记[登记编号:GPD甘蔗(2022)530004],适宜在云南省临沧、德宏、保山、红河等蔗区中等以上肥力的水田、坝地和有灌溉条件的坡地、台地种植。

【Objective】In view of the problems that need to be solved in the sugarcane production,new sugarcane varieties with high yield,high sugar,drought tolerance and disease resistance were selected to provide important support for the sustainable development of sugarcane industry.【Methods】Using‘Xintaitang26’as the female parent and‘Xintaitang11’as the male parent,sugarcane sexual hybridization was carried out.The sugarcane breeding program of‘Five Stage Selection’was adopted,and after screening at all levels of nurseries and evaluation analysis in regional trials,an excellent new sugarcane variety‘Yunzhe 102768’was developed.【Results】‘Yunzhe 102768’is mid to late maturing,high yield,high sugar,medium-large stalk,good defoliation,strong drought tolerance,high resistance to smut,and medium resistance to streaks mosaic disease and resistance to sorghum mosaic disease.In the 15th regional trial of new sugarcane varieties in Yunnan Province,the average sugarcane yield was 122.17 t/hm^(2),that was 13.3%greater than the control‘Xintaitang22’(the same below);The average sucrose content of the whole maturing period(November to the following March)was 14.70%,which was similar to the control;the average sugar yield was 16.26 t/hm^(2),increased by 12.4%as compared with the control.【Conclusion】This variety was registered by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the Peoples Republic of China as a non-major crop variety in 2022[registration number:GPD sugarcane(2022)530004].It is suitable for planting in paddy fields,sloping fields and terraces with irrigation in the sugarcane areas with at least moderate soil fertility in Lincang,Dehong,Baoshan,Honghe and etc.in Yunnan Province.