生物炭与氮肥共施对甘蔗产量和糖分质量的影响

Effects of Co-application of Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Agronomic Characters and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of New Planting Sugarcane

【目的】探求生物炭对大田新植甘蔗生长的效应,从而为甘蔗生产上应用生物炭和制定氮肥高效管理提供理论基础。【方法】试验以甘蔗品种‘GT11’和‘B8’为材料,设置低氮N 120 kg/hm^(2)和高氮N 600 kg/hm^(2)2个氮水平,生物炭C0、C10和C20 t/hm^(2)3个水平,调查测定炭氮配施对甘蔗农艺生长、氮积累量和氮利用率及产量构成因素的影响。【结果】生物炭可适当增加甘蔗出苗率、分蘖率和株高,生物炭虽对产量增加无明显效应,但能够提高甘蔗糖分0.19%~0.82%,从而使产糖量增加了1.93%~10.77%。高炭处理下甘蔗氮累积量增加了0.41%~4.74%,但对氮利用率未起到显著提高作用。【结论】生物炭对新植甘蔗的分蘖、氮累积量及糖度累积起到了一定的促进作用,但这种效应因品种而异,氮在其中的作用大于生物炭的作用。

【Objective】The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of biochar on the growth of newly planted sugarcane,providing a theoretical reference for the application of biochar and efficient nitrogen fertilizer management in sugarcane production.【Methods】Two sugarcane varieties‘GT11’and‘B8’were chosen as trial materials.Two nitrogen(N)fertilizer levels were set:low N 120 kg/hm^(2) and high N 600 kg/hm^(2).Three levels of biochar were applied:C0,C10 and C20 t/hm^(2).The effects of carbon/nitrogen co-application on the agronomy growth of sugarcane,N accumulation,nitrogen utilization efficiency(NUE)and yield components were investigated.【Results】The results showed that biochar could increase the emergence rate,tillering rate and stalk height of sugarcane appropriately.Although no increase was observed in yield,sucrose content was increased by 0.19%-0.82%,resulting in an increase range of 1.93%-10.77%in sugar yield.High biochar application could improve N accumulation up by 0.41%-4.74%.However,there was no significant improvement in NUE.【Conclusion】Therefore,it was concluded that biochar partly promoted tillering rate,N accumulation and sugar yield of newly planted sugarcane,but these effects were different depending on varieties.And the study indicated that nitrogen play a more important role than biochar in sugarcane growth.