钢铁企业含锌尘泥回转窑处置设计原理及工业实践

Design principle and industrial practice of rotary kiln on zinc-containing dust sludge disposal in iron and steel enterprises

钢铁企业产生的含锌尘泥主要是高炉、转炉、电炉除尘系统收集的除尘灰或湿式除尘产生的污泥,该含锌尘泥含有大量的锌元素等杂质,直接返回钢铁冶炼流程会影响高炉等设备的正常运行并造成锌资源浪费。回转窑工艺因成熟稳定、投资及运行成本低、原料适应性强,已成为处置含锌尘泥的主流工艺。随着“固废不出厂”等理念的深入推进,含锌尘泥回转窑处置技术也将在钢铁企业中得到广泛的应用。本文主要介绍某钢铁企业1.5×10^(5)t/a含锌尘泥回转窑处置生产线的设计原理、工艺流程和实际运行情况。该生产线设计采用具有“低碳、稳定、协同、智能、环保”的新型回转窑处置技术,有效解决了回转窑易结圈问题、智能控制水平较高、原料的适用性广泛,且具有工序能源消耗低、锌回收率高、窑渣铁金属化率高等特点,可实现含锌尘泥的资源化综合利用。项目投产后,运行稳定,生产指标达到或超过设计要求,取得了良好的经济效益。

Zinc-containing dust sludge produced by iron and steel enterprises is mainly dust collected by dust removal system of blast furnace,converter and electric furnace or sludge produced by wet dust removal.The zinc-containing dust sludge contains a lot of impurities such as zinc,which will affect the normal operation of blast furnace and other equipment and cause waste of zinc resources.Due to its maturity and stability,low investment and operating costs,and strong adaptability to raw materials,the rotary kiln process have become the mainstream process for the disposal of zinc-containing dust sludge.With the in-depth promotion of the concept of“solid waste does not leave the factory”,the disposal technology of zinc-containing dust sludge rotary kiln will also be widely used in iron and steel enterprises.The design principle,process flow and actual operation of disposal production line of a 1.5×10^(5) t/a zinc-containing dust sludge rotary kiln in an iron and steel enterprise are mainly introduced.The production line is designed with a new rotary kiln disposal technology with“low carbon,stability,coordination,intelligence and environmental protection”,which effectively solves the problem of easy ring forming of rotary kiln,high level of intelligent control,wide applicability of raw materials,and has such characteristics as low process energy consumption,high zinc recovery rate and high iron metallization rate of kiln slag,which can realize the comprehensive utilization of zinc-containing dust and sludge resources.After the project is put into operation,it runs stably,the design requirements of the production indicators are met or exceeded,and good economic benefits are obtained.