混合方法研究在我国癌症患者护理领域中应用的范围综述

Application of mixed methods study in cancer care in China:a scoping review

目的 审查混合方法研究在我国癌症患者护理领域应用现状及不足,为规范设计、有效实施、完整报告混合方法研究提供参考。方法 以Arksey和O’Malley范围综述方法为框架,系统检索中国知网、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、CINAHL 9个数据库,检索时限为建库至2023年10月18日,对文献进行筛选、数据提取、分析。结果 共纳入30篇文献,研究设计以解释性顺序混合方法研究为主(4篇);疾病种类以乳腺癌为主(14篇);研究主题从生活质量和心理体验逐渐扩展到支持性照护、创伤后成长、体力状况等;研究内容涉及现状及其影响因素或主观体验分析、量表或方案构建、干预措施效果评价等多个方面。纳入文献大部分对研究过程中的抽样、资料收集与分析方法报告较规范,但在研究设计、结果方面报告不足。结论 混合方法研究在我国癌症护理领域应用逐渐增加,研究对象以乳腺癌患者为主,研究主题与研究内容逐渐丰富,但研究报告质量不高。建议研究者应熟悉混合方法研究报告标准,在研究设计、实施阶段、报告研究结果时参照报告标准;思考混合方法研究的适宜性与实施细节,提高混合方法研究的质量。

Objective To review the current status and shortcomings of the application of mixed-methods research in the field of cancer patient care in China,and to provide a reference for standardized design,effective implementation,and complete reporting of mixed-methods research.Methods Based on the framework of Arksey and O'Malley scoping review method,nine databases were systematically searched,including CNKI,Wanfang,SinoMed,VIP,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,and CINAHL.Time limit was set from the date of library construction to October 18,2023.Literature was screened,extracted,and analyzed.Results A total of 30 literatures were included,with the study design dominated by explanatory sequential mixed studies(4);and the disease type dominated by breast cancer(14).The topics of the studies were gradually expanded from quality of life and psychological experience to supportive care,post-traumatic growth,and physical condition.In addition,the content of the studies involved various aspects such as analysis of the current situation and its influencing factors or subjective experience,construction of the scales or protocols,and evaluation of the effect of the interventions.While,most of the included literature reported more standardized in sampling,data collection and analysis methods,the study design and outcome stages were generally underreported.Conclusion Mixed-methods research has been gradually increased in the application of cancer care in China.The research object is dominated by breast cancer patients,and the research topic and research content are gradually enriched,though with limited quality of the research report.It is recommended that researchers should be familiar with the reporting standards for mixed method researches,refer to the reporting standards during the research design,implementation phase,and reporting of research results.In addition,scholars should consider the suitability and implementation details of mixed method research to improve the quality of mixed method research further.